How to find the recurrence polynomial? Problem:
If $f$ is a polynomial with unknown roots $x_1,-x_1,x_2,-x_2\ldots,x_b,-x_b \quad (b \in \mathbb{N})$ and can be expressed as (known expansion):
$$f(x)=\sum_{a=0}^{2b}f_ax^a\quad(b \in \mathbb{N})$$
How to find $g$, such the roots of $g$ is just $x_1,x_2,\ldots,x_b$?
Details:
Looks like the main problem is solve
$g(x){(-1)}^bg(-x)=f(x)$.
But I don't know if this is suficient to force $g$ be of the form $\prod_{i=1}^{b}(x-x_i)$.
Looks like using this way, we get a indeterminated system, but if we can express all solutions there's no problem.
Using mathematica an easy problem couldn't be solved, see:
f[x_]:=(x-1)(x+1), RSolve[-g[x]g[-x]==f[x],g[x],x]. The software calculate and calculate...I didn't get answer.
So, using the definition of $f$ above ($f(x)=\sum_{a=0}^{2b}f_ax^a$) how to find the polynomial $g$ with roots $x_1,x_2,\ldots,x_b$?
How can we solve this recursion ($g(x){(-1)}^bg(-x)=f(x)$) and find all $g$ to satisfies it?
If someone knows a computable way to do it, I'd like to know too. If is using Mathematica is more interesting to me.
 A: Since $f(x)=x^{2b}+a_{2b-1}x^{2b-1}+\cdots +a_1x+a_0$ is a polynomial with roots $x_1, -x_1, ..., x_b, -x_b$ (For the sake of simplicity, let us assume that $x_1, ..., x_b$ are positive real numbers). So $f$ must be of the form$$f(x)=(x-x_1)(x+x_1) \cdots (x-x_b)(x+x_b)=\prod_{i=1}^b(x^2-x_i^2).$$As we know, the coefficients of a polynomial $p$ of degree $n$ with roots $r_1, r_2, ..., r_n$ are elementary symmetric polynomials in the roots of $p$; that is,$$p(x)=\prod_{i=1}^n(x-r_i)=\sum_{k=0}^n\sum_{1 \le j_1 \lt ... \lt j_k \le n}(-1)^kr_{j_1} ... r_{j_k}x^{n-k}.^{\, \dagger}$$ So, the coefficient of $x^{2b-2}$ in $f(x)$ equals $$a_{2b-2}=-\sum_{i=1}^bx_i^2.$$Suppose that there is a general algebraic way (By "algebraic way" I mean a way involving a finite number of the operations of addition, multiplication, and exponentiation with constant rational exponents) to find a polynomial $g$ with roots $x_1, ..., x_b$,$$g(x)=\prod_{i=1}^b(x-x_i)=\sum_{k=0}^b\sum_{1 \le j_1 \lt ... \lt j_k \le b}(-1)^kx_{j_1} ... x_{j_k}x^{b-k},$$ from knowing $f$. So, this implies that we can find the coefficient of $x^{b-1}$ in $g(x)$, that is, $\sum_{i=1}^bx_b$, which implies the fact that there is a general algebraic way to find the sum of the square roots of an arbitrary polynomial $f$ in terms of the coefficients of $f$, which is a contradiction (In brief, if such a way exists, then one can algebraically find a root of a polynomial which is non-solvable by radicals, which is impossible). $\ddagger$
Thus, there is no general algebraic way to find a polynomial $g$ with roots $x_1, ..., x_b$.

Footnote
$\dagger$ For the proof, please see this answer.
$\ddagger$ For the proof, please see this answer.
