Properties preserved by diffeomorphisms but not by homeomorphisms Diffeomorphisms between manifolds are particular homeomorphisms, so each property preserved by homeomorphisms is preserved by diffeomorphisms. Can you show me some examples of properties preserved by diffeomorphisms on manifolds that are not preserved by homeomorphisms?
 A: If you're asking about properties of the underlying manifolds, then to answer the question one needs at least some examples of manifolds that are homeomorphic but not diffeomorphic.
There are some examples, but they are quite non-trivial. First example of such phenomenon, «exotic sphere(s)», was constructed by Milnor in 1956 (ref). Milnor also constructed some invariant of such spheres that is preserved by diffeomorphisms but not homeomorphism, but it's not elementary (it's defined in terms of signature and first Pontryagin number of the manifold the exotic sphere bounds).
A: I think Haudorff dimension is such a property.
If you have a fractal subset, say $K \subseteq \mathbb{R}^2$, and $\phi : U \rightarrow V$ is a diffeomorphism, where $U, V$ are open, with $K \subseteq U$, then $HD(K) = HD(\phi(K))$.
However, an homeomorphism certainly doesn't preserve this. There are many fractals arising as Julia Sets of the complex maps $z \mapsto z^2 + c$ which are known to be homeomorphic to $\mathbb{S}^1$, but have Haudorff dimension greater than $1$. There is one example for $c = \frac{1}{4}$ here http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fractals_by_Hausdorff_dimension.
