# Creating a Tridiagonal matrix in matlab

How can I create a tridiagonal matrix that I can use for Crout factorization? And, I don't have any codes on how to create one since I am new to matlab.

Ok, please help me understand what does the sentence "The program should output the $\infty$ norm of the residual of your computed solution and the number of iterations used" mean in this case? I am all confused figuring this out.

>> n = 10;
>> full(gallery('tridiag',n,-1,2,-1))

ans =

2    -1     0     0     0     0     0     0     0     0
-1     2    -1     0     0     0     0     0     0     0
0    -1     2    -1     0     0     0     0     0     0
0     0    -1     2    -1     0     0     0     0     0
0     0     0    -1     2    -1     0     0     0     0
0     0     0     0    -1     2    -1     0     0     0
0     0     0     0     0    -1     2    -1     0     0
0     0     0     0     0     0    -1     2    -1     0
0     0     0     0     0     0     0    -1     2    -1
0     0     0     0     0     0     0     0    -1     2


Crout:

% Source: http://users.csc.tntech.edu/~mjkosa/3020/matlab/crout.m
% MATLAB implementation of Crout reduction algorithm (p. 140 of your book)
function [L,U] = crout(A,n)  % returns two matrices

for i = 1:n
L(i,1) = A(i,1);
end

for j = 1:n
U(1,j) = A(1,j)/L(1,1);
end

for j = 2:n
for i = j:n
sum = 0.0;
for k = 1:(j-1)
sum = sum + L(i,k) * U(k,j);
end
L(i,j) = A(i,j) - sum;
end

U(j,j) = 1;

for i = (j+1):n
sum = 0.0;
for k = 1:(j-1)
sum = sum + L(j,k) * U(k,i);
end
U(j,i) = (A(j,i) - sum)/L(j,j);
end
end

• Thanks. And, I can also perform Crout factorization on that and get L and U? – user136422 Apr 22 '14 at 1:16
• I am getting this error while trying to execute the codes. function [L,U] = crout(A,n) | Error: Function definitions are not permitted in this context. – user136422 Apr 22 '14 at 2:05
• Use $[L,U] = crout(A,n)$ then hit enter. $function [L,U] = crout(A,n)$ defines a function; which is normally done in a script not at the command line. – K. Rmth Apr 22 '14 at 19:51

The tridiagonal part can be created using sums of calls to diag()

n = 5 ;
nOnes = ones(n, 1) ;
x = diag(2 * nOnes, 0) - diag(nOnes(1:n-1), -1) - diag(nOnes(1:n-1), 1)

x =

2    -1     0     0     0
-1     2    -1     0     0
0    -1     2    -1     0
0     0    -1     2    -1
0     0     0    -1     2


toeplitz([2 -1 zeros(1, N-2)], [2 -1 zeros(1, N-2)])


or even

toeplitz([2 -1 zeros(1, N-2)])


You could also use conv2 to create a tridiagonal matrix

B = conv2(eye(5),[-1 2 -1],'same');

B =

2    -1     0     0     0
-1     2    -1     0     0
0    -1     2    -1     0
0     0    -1     2    -1
0     0     0    -1     2