Suppose $f$ is a thrice differentiable function on $\mathbb {R}$ . Showing an identity using taylor's theorem Suppose $f$ is a thrice differentiable function on $\mathbb {R}$ such that $f'''(x) \gt 0$ for all $x \in \mathbb {R}$. Using Taylor's theorem show that 
$f(x_2)-f(x_1) \gt (x_2-x_1)f'(\frac{x_1+x_2}{2})$ for all $x_1$and $x_2$ in $\mathbb {R}$ with $x_2\gt x_1$.
Since $f'''(x) \gt 0$ for all $x \in \mathbb {R}$, $f''(x)$ is an increasing  function. And in Taylor's expansion i will be ending at $f''(x)$ but not sure how to bring in $\frac{x_1+x_2}{2}$. 
 A: Using the Taylor expansion to third order, for all $y$ there exists $\zeta$ between $(x_1+x_2)/2$ and $y$ such that
$$
f(y) = f \left( \frac{x_1+x_2}2 \right) + f'\left( \frac{x_1+x_2}2 \right)\left(y - \frac{x_1 + x_2}2 \right) \\
+ \frac{f''(\frac{x_1+x_2}2)}2 \left( y - \frac{x_1 + x_2}2 \right)^2 + \frac{f'''(\zeta)}6 \left( y - \frac{x_1+x_2}2 \right)^3. \\
$$
It follows that by plugging in $x_2$,
$$
f(x_2) - f \left( \frac{x_1+x_2}2 \right) > f' \left( \frac{x_1+x_2}2 \right) \frac {x_2-x_1}2 + \frac{f''(\frac{x_1+x_2}2)}2 \left(\frac{x_2-x_1}2 \right)^2
$$
since $f'''(\zeta) > 0$ and $x_2 > \frac{x_1+x_2}2$. Similarly, by plugging in $x_1$, 
$$
f(x_1) - f \left( \frac{x_1+x_2}2 \right) < f' \left( \frac{x_1+x_2}2 \right) \frac {x_1-x_2}2 + \frac{f''(\frac{x_1+x_2}2)}2 \left(\frac{x_1-x_2}2 \right)^2,
$$
(note that the sign that appears in the cubic term is now negative, hence the reversed inequality) which we can re-arrange as
$$
f \left( \frac{x_1+x_2}2 \right) - f(x_1) > f' \left( \frac{x_1+x_2}2 \right) \frac {x_2-x_1}2 - \frac{f''(\frac{x_1+x_2}2)}2 \left(\frac{x_1-x_2}2 \right)^2,
$$
By adding up, the quadratic terms cancel out and you get your result.
Hope that helps,
A: Set $a = \frac{x_1+x_2}{2}$ and $x = \frac{x_2-x_1}{2}$. Then the claim is
$$
 f(a+x) - f(a-x) > 2xf'(a)
$$
for $x > 0$. In order to prove this, apply Taylor's theorem to
$$
 g(x) = f(a+x) - f(a-x)
$$
and note that $g(0) = 0$, $g'(0) =2 f'(a)$, $g''(0) = 0$, and $g'''(x)  > 0$.
