Sequences of integers with lower density 0 and upper density 1. It is possible to construct a sequence of integers with lower density 0 and upper density 1?
where lower and upper density means asymptotic lower and upper density (cf. References on density of subsets of $\mathbb{N}$)
EDIT: So, if this is true, then one can split $\mathbb{N}$ into to sequeneces of null lower density. I find it paradoxical.
 A: Yes, it is possible. What follows isn't a completely rigorous proof, but you should be able to make one from that.
The basic idea is to construct a set $A$ such that along one subsequence, $\lim |A \cap I_{a_n}|/a_n = 1$ and along another subsequence, $\lim |A \cap I_{b_n}|/b_n = 0$. We'll do this by adding or skipping consecutive "chunks" of integers.


*

*Start by adding $1$ to $A$. We're at density $1$.

*Then skip $2$. For $n = 2$, we have $|A \cap I_2|/2 = 1/2$.

*Now add $3$ and $4$, so that $|A \cap I_4|/4 = 3/4$.

*Now skip $5$ through $12$, so that $|A \cap I_{12}|/12 = 3/12 = 1/4$.


This should give you an idea of how the following works:


*

*"Add" enough integers so that you're back to density $\geq (2^n - 1)/2^n$

*Then "skip" enough integers so that you're below density $\leq 1/2^n$.


Repeat the two steps in order. Along the two subsequences constructed, the limit of the density is either 1 or 0.
A: Yes. Let $A$ be the set (still to be constructed), and for $n\in\Bbb Z^+$ let $A_n=\{k\in A:k\le n\}$. Suppose that you’ve constructed $A_n$. For any $\epsilon>0$ choose $m\in\Bbb Z^+$ large enough so that $\frac{n}m<\epsilon$, and let $A_m=A_n$. (In other words, omit from $A$ every integer $k$ such that $n<k\le m$.) Then $\frac{|A_m|}m=\frac{|A_n|}m\le\frac{n}m<\epsilon$. Now choose $r\in\Bbb Z^+$ large enough so that $\frac{m}r<\epsilon$, and let $$A_r=A_m\cup\{k\in\Bbb Z^+:m<k\le r\}\;;$$ then $\frac{|A_r|}r\ge\frac{r-m}r=1-\frac{m}r>1-\epsilon$. By alternating in this fashion, using a sequence of $\epsilon$’s converging to $0$, you can construct a set $A$ such that $\underline{d}(A)=0$ and $\overline{d}(A)=1$.
A: Yes. For example, divide $\mathbb{N}$ into intervals $[n_k, n_{k+1})$ where $n_k$ is sufficiently fast growing and take the union of every other interval.
