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Let $f:\mathbb{R}\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$ be a function, if $f(x)$ is continuous on $\mathbb{R}$ but is not uniformly continuous on $\mathbb{R}$, then prove that $\sin f(x)$ is not uniformly continuous on $\mathbb{R}$. What I have worked out: That $f(x)$ is not uniformly continuous on $\mathbb{R}$ implies that $\exists\varepsilon>0, \forall \delta>0,\exists x_1,x_2$ $s.t.$ $|x_1-x_2|<\delta$ but $f(x_1)-f(x_2)>\varepsilon$. By the continuity of $f$ we can infer that $\forall\varepsilon'\in(0,\varepsilon],\exists x_2,x_3 $$s.t. |x_2-x_3|<\delta$ but $f(x_3)-f(x_2)=\varepsilon'$. Hence it suffices to show that given $d>0$, $\sin[a,a+d] :=\{\sin x|a\leq x\leq a+d\}$ which is an interval has a length which is always no less than $m$ for some $m>0$ fixed as $a$ varies. Although this is intuitive by $\sin x$'s diagram, I don't know how to prove it in a clear way.

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  • $\begingroup$ You can write \sin in math mode to produce $\sin$. $\endgroup$
    – Gary
    Commented Dec 10, 2021 at 7:42
  • $\begingroup$ The word "uniformly" is missing from the title which is confusing. $\endgroup$
    – badjohn
    Commented Dec 10, 2021 at 7:48

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Prove by contradiction. Suppose there exists a sequence $(a_n)$ such that the length of $\{\sin x: a _n \leq x \leq a_n+d\}$ tends to $0$. Replacing $a_n$ by $a_n+2k_n \pi$ for a suitable integer $k_n$ we may suppose $(a_n) \subset [0,2\pi]$. So $(a_n) $ converges along some subsequence to a real number $a$. Now it is easy to check that the length of $\{\sin x: a+\epsilon \leq x \leq a+d-\epsilon\}$ is $0$ for $0<\epsilon <\frac d 2$. But this is impossible since $\sin x$ is not constant on any interval.

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  • $\begingroup$ Thanks for your wonderful solution. But I think there is a typo, should it be the length of $\{\sin x| a+\varepsilon\leq x\leq a+d-\varepsilon\}$? for a fixed $\varepsilon\in (0, \frac{d}{2})$ ,$\sin[a_n, a_n+d]$ is a supset of the above interval for sufficient large $n$ and hence contradicts. $\endgroup$
    – Asigan
    Commented Dec 10, 2021 at 8:58
  • $\begingroup$ @Nota Very true. It was a typo. $\endgroup$ Commented Dec 10, 2021 at 9:01

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