# References for the name of a lemma in group theory?

Here is the statement on my exercise sheet :

Let $$G$$ be a finite group, $$p$$ the smallest prime factor of $$\vert G \vert$$ and $$H$$ a subgroup of $$G$$ whose index is $$p$$. Then $$H$$ is a normal subgroup of $$G$$.

I already know how to prove this powerful statement. But I searched on the literature to find more about that nomination but I could not find anything relevant. It often brought me back to some Frobenius results but nothing more...

If someone has references about it or has already heard about the name of that lemma, it would be great to share !

NB :

• Who told you it was called Ore's lemma? The only Ore I know was publishing around the middle of the 20th century. This result is decades older than that. Oct 25 at 20:37
• Sorry, I misread your comment as 'I was the lecturer'. Oct 25 at 20:43
• This appears to be a CNRS thing. I'd be astonished if it were by Ore. The only Ore I know is Øystein Ore, who was born in 1899. It's always difficult to find stuff in Burnside's book, so I haven't found it in there. Rose doesn't attribute it to anyone. I cannot find it in Huppert either, unfortunately. I'm actually having trouble finding it in older textbooks like Hall and Scott. I still don't believe it's due to Ore, but I cannot find much about it. Oct 25 at 21:04
• I found it only under the name Lemme d'Ore as @Maman said: ref. Francinou, Gianella, Exercices de mathématiques pour l'agrégation : Algèbre 1. and math.ens.fr/~debarre/TDB2.pdf Oct 25 at 21:12
• There is a thread on this issue at les-mathematiques.net/phorum/read.php?3,329558,329678 see in particular the Jan 29 2007 post. This post suggests that Ore may have proved a generalization. Group theory texts by Hall and Debrueil are cited as potential sources of the attribution (I do not have these books), as is the Francinou problem book. Oct 25 at 21:13

• The reference one finds in Ore's paper is "G. Frobenius, Über endliche Gruppen, Sitzungsber. Akad. Berlin, 1895 (I), pp. 163-194." Frobenius' lemma is III on p. 171, as follows: Let $p$ be the smallest prime divisor of $m$, and let $d \leq p$. Then in any finite group of order $md$, a subgroup of order $m$ is normal. (So slightly more general.) Oct 26 at 12:05