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In our lecture, it was claimed that $$ \Psi \colon [0, 1) \times (0, 1] \to D \setminus \{ 0 \}, \ (\varphi, r) \mapsto r e^{2 \pi i \varphi}, $$ where $D$ denotes the unit disk in $\mathbb R^2 \cong \mathbb C$, is a homeomorphism. On Wikipedia it states that "The fundamental group is a homotopy invariant—topological spaces that are homotopy equivalent (or the stronger case of homeomorphic) have isomorphic fundamental groups.", which I understand to mean: "If $f \colon X \to Y$ is a homeomorphism, then $\pi_1(X) \cong \pi_1(Y)$", where $X$ and $Y$ are connected topological spaces, so the fundamental group $\pi_1$ is independent of its basepoint.

It is well known, that $\pi_1(D \setminus \{ 0 \}) \cong \mathbb Z$ and we should have $\pi_1([0, 1) \times (0, 1]) \cong \{ e \}$, where $e$ is the identity element, since $[0, 1) \times (0, 1]$ is a convex set. Is my reasoning correct?

Nevertheless, the map $\Psi$ seems to be continuous as composition of continuous maps, and I think the inverse is given by $$ \Psi^{-1}(t) = \left( \frac{1}{2 \pi i} \log\left( \frac{t}{| t |}\right), | t |\right) $$ which looks continuous also.

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    $\begingroup$ It's not a homeomorphism. The inverse map is not continuous. $\endgroup$ Commented Nov 17, 2020 at 17:49

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Yes, your reasoning is correct. If you want a direct proof of the fact that $\Psi$ is not a homeomorphism, consider the sequence $\left(1-\frac1n,\frac12\right)_{n\in\Bbb N}$ of points of $[0,1)\times(0,1]$. It diverges in that space, but it is mapped by $\Psi$ into the sequence $\left(\frac12e^{2\pi i(1-1/n)}\right)_{n\in\Bbb N}$, which converges to $\frac12$.

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  • $\begingroup$ We can replace $\frac{1}{2}$ by $1$ in your example, right? $\endgroup$ Commented Nov 17, 2020 at 18:22
  • $\begingroup$ Sure. No problem. $\endgroup$ Commented Nov 17, 2020 at 18:26
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    $\begingroup$ Your construction of $\Psi^{-1}$ is correct. Your error lies in assuming that there is a continuous $\log$ function from $S^1$ into $\Bbb C$. There is no such function. $\endgroup$ Commented Nov 17, 2020 at 18:33
  • $\begingroup$ So if I replace the interval $[0, 1)$ by $[0, 1] / (0 \sim 1)$, $\Psi$ becoems a homeomorphism? $\endgroup$ Commented Nov 17, 2020 at 19:03
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    $\begingroup$ Yes. That's a way of saying that $D\setminus\{0\}$ is homeomorphic to $S^1\times(0,1]$. $\endgroup$ Commented Nov 17, 2020 at 19:25

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