Let's suppose that $X$ is a Riemann Surface, $\omega$ is a meromorphic 1-form in $X$ and let $p$ be a pole of $\omega$ of order $M$. I want to show that the residue of $\omega$ at $p$, defined by $$ Res_p(\omega )=\dfrac{1}{2\pi i}\int_\gamma\omega $$ (here $\gamma$ is a closed $C^\infty$ path with $p\in Int(\gamma )$) does not depend of the chart over $X$. For this we will suppose that $\gamma$ is contained on the domain of two charts, $\phi_z:U_z\rightarrow V_z\subset\mathbb{C}$ and $\phi_w:U_w\rightarrow V_w\subset\mathbb{C}$, that is, $\gamma\subset U_z\cap U_w$. Here we'll soppuse tht both charts are centered at $p$ (that is, $\phi_z(p)=\phi_w(p)=0$.
(Please be careful to not be confused with the uses of $\omega$ and $w$!)
What I want is to show that the Residue is invariant under coordinate (or chart) changing.
This is my resolution for this (there is a proof for this in Otto's Lectures on Riemann Surfaces; it is proved as a corolary of the invariance of the integral of a 1-form over a path in Miranda's Algebraic Curves and Riemann Surfaces and in Farkas' Riemann Surfaces it is said that it can be done manipulating power series - which is the way I'm trying to do).
I can assume that in the coordinate $z$, $\omega$ is written as $\omega=f(z)dz$ (if not, then there is another local chart $\psi$ such that after coordinate changing $\omega$ has this form and then we lose no generality). We can then write $z=T(w)$ locally, where $T$ is holomorphic and $T(0)=0$.
Using Laurent Series, we have $$ f(z)=\sum_{n=-M}^{\infty}c_nz^n $$ near $p$. Note that $Res_p(\omega)=c_{-1}.$ On the $w$ coordinate, then $$ \omega=f(T(w))T'(w)dw $$ and also $$T(w)=\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}a_iw^i$$ therefore $$ T'(w)=\sum_{i=1}^\infty a_iiw^{i-1} $$
$\color{blue}{\text{This is the part where comes my dilemma}}$. I must obviously have $T(w)T(w)^{-1}=1$. Describing $T(w)^{-1}=\sum_{i=1}^\infty b_i w^{k_i}$, and working with the series, we have: $$ \left(\sum_{i=1}^\infty a_i w^i\right)\left(\sum_{i=1}^\infty b_i w^{k_i}\right)=1 $$ $$ a_1b_1xx^{k_1}+[...]=1\Rightarrow k_1=-1\text{ and }b_1=a_1^{-1} $$ and the rest of the terms will cancel themselves. Here $[...]$ are terms of higher/lower order.
Now, substituting the series in $\omega$, $$ \omega=\left[\sum_{n=-M}^\infty c_n \left(\sum_{i=1}^\infty a_iw^i\right)^{-n}\right]\left[\sum_{n=1}^\infty na_nw^{n-1}\right] $$ $$ =\left[ [...]+c_{-1}\left(\sum_{i=1}^\infty a_iw^i\right)^{-1}+[...]\right]\left[ a_1+[...]\right] $$ $$ =\left[ [...]+c_{-1}(a_1^{-1}w^{-1}+[...])+[...]\right]\left[ a_1+[...]\right] $$ $$ =[...]+c_1a_1^{-1}a_1w^{-1}+[...] $$ Since $Res_p(\omega)=c_1$, the invariance is proved.
Can someone tell me if the series manipulation of the part in blue is correct? If not, a hint of how can I do it? Thanks!
