# For which values of p,q does the integral ∫10xp(ln1x)qdx converge?

Regarding this problem: For which values of $p,q$ does the integral $\int_0^1 x^p (\ln\frac{1}{x})^qdx$ converge?

Which comparison test can we use for the bound t→∞?

Let's change variable by $$x = e^{-t},\ t>0$$ $$\int_{0}^{1}x^p ln^q\frac{1}{x}dx = \int_{0}^{+\infty}e^{-t(p+1)}t^qdt$$

And divide last integral, for example, accordingly $$t=1$$ point. In 0-s neighbourhood we have same behaviour as for $$t^q$$, so integral converges when $$q>-1$$. In $$+\infty$$ behaviour is dictated by $$e^{-t(p+1)}$$ and, so, converges, when $$p>-1$$. It's easy to obtain by direct integrating: $$$$\int\limits_1^{+\infty} e^{-t(p+1)} \mathrm{d} t$$ = \dfrac{e^{-t(p+1)}}{-(p+1)} \Biggr|_{1}^{+\infty}$$

So, we need both: $$q>-1$$ and $$p>-1$$.

• Thank you! but I'm not sure I understood how to direct integrating this incomplete integral
– Siv
Jun 2 '20 at 21:43
• Added line for direct integration. Jun 2 '20 at 23:39

hint

If we put $$t=\frac 1x,$$

it will have the same nature as

$$\int_1^{+\infty}\frac{1}{t^p}(\ln(t))^q\frac{dt}{t^2}$$ or

$$\int_1^{+\infty}\frac{dt}{t^{p+2}(\ln(t))^{-q}}$$

this is a Bertrand integral (Google it).