Invariance of domain states that for a given Euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^n$, any continuous injective map $f$ from an open subset $U \subset \mathbb{R}^n$ into $\mathbb{R}^n$ is an open map, hence a homeomorphism onto its image (i.e. an embedding). Terry Tao has a blog entry about it here:
He notes that invariance of domain (and the related invariance of dimension) "can be proven by simple ad hoc means" in low dimensions. E.g. $\mathbb{R}$ is not homeomorphic to $\mathbb{R}^m$ for any $m>1$ since removing a single point of $\mathbb{R}$ disconnects it, but this is not true of $\mathbb{R}^m$.
A rough sketch of the ad hoc proof for invariance of domain in the case $n=1$ would be as follows: The open subsets of $\mathbb{R}$ are precisely the countable disjoint unions of open intervals. Any continuous injection maps such a disjoint union to another such disjoint union, and hence is an open map.
My question is whether there is a simple ad hoc proof of invariance of domain for the case $n=2$. The general proof given in Tao's blog post - which he likes because it avoids any homology theory - relies on Brouwer's fixed point theorem, the Tietze extension theorem, and Weierstrass approximation theorem (as well as using perturbation methods), which is an awful lot of machinery if one only cares about the planar case. I am aware that invariance of domain is a very strong result, and so any general proof will necessarily require a lot of machinery, but I am wondering whether this is also true of the special case $n=2$.