Thanks to @John Dawkins, I have come up with an answer.
By the martingale convergence theorem, our martingle converges pointwise to a non-negative real valued random variable $Z$ a.s. Note that
$$\frac {e^{B_t^2/(1+2t)}}{\sqrt{1+2t}} = \exp \bigg({\frac{t \ln t}{1+2t} \left( \frac{B_t^2}{t \ln t}- \frac{(1+2t)\ln(1+2t)}{2t \ln t}\right) \bigg)}$$
On the event $Z > 0$ (and where the martingale converges to $Z$, of course)
$$\lim _{t \to \infty}\frac{t \ln t}{1+2t} \left( \frac{B_t^2}{t \ln t}- \frac{(1+2t)\ln(1+2t)}{2t \ln t}\right) \bigg) \in \mathbb R$$
which implies $\lim_{t \to \infty} \frac{B_t ^2}{t \ln t} = 1$. On the event $Z=0$
$$\lim _{t \to \infty}\frac{t \ln t}{1+2t} \Big( \frac{B_t^2}{t \ln t}- \frac{(1+2t)\ln(1+2t)}{2t \ln t}\Big) \bigg) = -\infty$$
which implies $\limsup_{t \to \infty} \frac{B_t ^2}{t \ln t} \leq 1$ (otherwise, there exists $\delta > 0$, such that $\frac{B_t ^2}{t \ln t} >1+\delta$ infinitely often as $t \to \infty$, so $ \frac{B_t^2}{t \ln t}- \frac{(1+2t)\ln(1+2t)}{2t \ln t} >0$ infinitely often for large $t$ with positive probability). Note that $$\frac{\ln(1+2t)}{\ln t} \to 1$$ using L'Hospital's rule.