# What is the meaning of $\Sigma_n, \Pi_n, \Delta_n$ without superscript symbols?

Sometimes I see the $$\Sigma_n, \Pi_n, \Delta_n$$ notation without superscript symbols (for example, in this answer on Mathoverflow; another example is hypermachines ($$\Sigma_n$$-machines)). But when I read articles on Wikipedia (Descriptive set theory, Arithmetical hierarchy, Hyperarithmetical theory, Analytical hierarchy, Projective hierarchy, Borel hierarchy), I only see the notation with superscript symbols, and I cannot find what is implied by $$\Sigma_n, \Pi_n, \Delta_n$$. Why is the superscript symbol omitted?

• It may depend on the context, but probably it's the sum, &c, from $n=0$ (or $1$, depending on the convention) to $\infty$. – Bernard Aug 31 '19 at 8:50
• @Bernard: If you mean summation, then no, the $\Sigma$ symbol in my question is not related to this. I added another example. – lyrically wicked Aug 31 '19 at 9:13

• It's also used interchangeably with $\Sigma^0_n$ etc. in many circumstances - e.g. in the notation "I$\Sigma_n$" for the fragment of PA with induction restricted to $\Sigma_n$, or $\Sigma^0_n$, sentences. Really it's a "flexible" notation, which can be applied to whatever complexity hierarchy we're in. – Noah Schweber Sep 6 '19 at 22:02