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Given two Gaussians with the same variance $\sigma$ and means $\mu_1$ and $\mu_2$, where each Gaussian represents a class $C_1$ and $C_2$ with the same prior probabilities, i.e. $p(C_1) = p_(C_2)$, we should derive the decision boundary $x^*$ as a function of $\mu_1$ and $\mu_2$.

I know that it holds for the decision boundary $p(x|C_1) = p(x|C_2)$. We know further that $p(x|C_1) = \mathcal{N}(x|\mu_1, \sigma)$ and $p(x|C_2) = \mathcal{N}(x|\mu_2, \sigma)$.

So we have

$ \begin{align} &\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi\sigma^2}}\exp(-\frac{(x - \mu_1)^2}{2\sigma^2}) = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi\sigma^2}}\exp(-\frac{(x - \mu_2)^2}{2\sigma^2})\\ \Longleftrightarrow & -\frac{(x - \mu_1)^2}{2\sigma^2} = -\frac{(x - \mu_2)^2}{2\sigma^2}\\ \Longleftrightarrow & x^2 - 2x\mu_1 + \mu_1^2 = x^2 - 2x\mu_2 + \mu_2^2\\ \Longleftrightarrow & x(2\mu_2 - 2\mu_1) = -(\mu_1^2 + \mu_2^2)\\ \Longleftrightarrow & x = -\frac{\mu_1^2 + \mu_2^2}{2\mu_2 - 2\mu_1} \end{align} $

Is this approach and the solution for the decision boundary right?

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1 Answer 1

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The approach is correct and the solution is almost correct. $$\begin{aligned} x^2-2x\mu_1+\mu_1^2&=x^2-2x\mu_2+\mu_2^2 \\\iff 2x(\mu_2-\mu_1)&=\mu_2^2-\mu_1^2 \\\iff x^*&=\dfrac{\mu_2+\mu_1}{2}. \end{aligned}$$

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