I'm reading an article by Dan Carmon on square free values of large polynomials over the rational function field. In this article he states the following question:
Does every sufficiently large $N\in \mathbb{Z}$ admit a representation as a sum $N = x^k+r$ of a positive $k$-th power and a positive square-free? How many such representations are there, asymptotically?
He then states that this has been proven for $k=2$ and $k=3$ by Estermann. I'm trying to find these proofs, but I'm not yet succeeding. Any idea how to prove this or where I can find the proofs?