Sum of product of two binomial coefficients I wanted to find the value of the following expression 

$$\sum_{r=0}^{20} (-1)^r.  \binom {30}{r}. \binom {30}{r+10}$$

The Vandermonde's identity could have been used in this problem but the $(-1)^r$ makes it of no use. Using the binomial expansion and some brute force I got the answer as the coefficient of $x^{20}$ in the expansion $(1-x^2)^{30}$. But I am not able to provide the proof in writing because it was just by brute force and some observation.  Can someone please provide a hint. 
 A: It is convenient  to use the coefficient of operator  $[z^n]$ to  denote the coefficient of  $z^n$  in  a series. This way we can write for instance
\begin{align*}
[z^k](1+z)^n=\binom{n}{k}
\end{align*}

We obtain
  \begin{align*}
\color{blue}{\sum_{r=0}^{20}}&\color{blue}{(-1)^r \binom {30}{r} \binom {30}{r+10}}\\
&=\sum_{r=0}^{20}(-1)^r \binom {30}{30-r} \binom {30}{r+10}\tag{1}\\
&=\sum_{r\geq 0}[z^{30-r}](1-z)^{30}[u^{r+10}](1+u)^{30}\tag{2}\\
&=[z^{30}](1-z)^{30}\sum_{r\geq 0}z^r[u^r]u^{-10}(1+u)^{30}\tag{3}\\
&=[z^{30}](1-z)^{30}z^{-10}(1+z)^{30}\tag{4}\\
&=[z^{40}](1-z^2)^{30}\tag{5}\\
&=[z^{40}]\sum_{k=0}^{30}\binom{30}{k}(-1)^kz^{2k}\\
&\color{blue}{=\binom{30}{20}=30\,045\,015}\tag{6}
\end{align*}

Comment:


*

*In (1) we use the binomial identity $\binom{p}{q}=\binom{p}{p-q}$.

*In (2) we apply the coefficient of operator twice. We also set the upper limit to $\infty$ without changing anything since we are adding zeros only.

*In (3) we  use the linearity of the coefficient of operator and we apply the rule $[z^{p-q}]A(z)=[z^p]z^qA(z)$.

*In (4) we apply the substitution rule of the coefficient of operator with $u=z$
\begin{align*}
A(z)=\sum_{r\geq0} a_r z^r=\sum_{r\geq 0} z^r  [u^r]A(u)
\end{align*}

*In (5) we do some simplifications and apply the same rule as we did in (3).

*In (6) we select the coefficient of $z^{40}$.
