If $G$ is a torsion-free group, then $\mathrm{Ext}_\mathbb{Z}^1(G, \mathbb Z)$ is divisible (and "conversely") I've been struggling a bit with the following problem, it must be not hard but I don't see it.
If $G$ is a torsion-free abelian group, then $\mathrm{Ext}_\mathbb{Z}^1(G, \mathbb Z) $ is divisible. "Conversely", if $G$ is divisible, then $\mathrm{Ext}_\mathbb{Z}^1(G, \mathbb Z)$ is torsion-free.
How should I proceed here? I've proved before that if $G$ is torsion-free and $H$ is divisible, then $\mathrm{Ext}_\mathbb{Z}^1(G, H) $ is divisible. 
But the key point in the problem above is that $\mathbb Z$ is not divisible, so this can't be applied.
Do you have any idea on how to tackle this problem? Regards
 A: $\DeclareMathOperator{\Ext}{Ext}
\DeclareMathOperator{\Hom}{Hom}$
First, assume that $G$ is a torsion-free abelian group. I will make use of the following facts:
Lemma 1: A $\mathbb Z$-module is injective if and only if it is divisible.
Lemma 2: Any quotient of a divisible $\mathbb Z$-module is divisible.
The proofs are straight-forward. For the direction "divisible $\Rightarrow$ injective" you need to use Zorn’s Lemma, though.
Notice that $\mathbb Q$ is divisible. By Lemmas 1 and 2 we obtain an injective resolution $0\to \mathbb Z\to \mathbb Q \xrightarrow{d} \mathbb Q/\mathbb Z \to 0$ of $\mathbb Z$. By definition, we have
$$
\Ext^1_{\mathbb Z} (G,\mathbb Z) = \Hom_{\mathbb Z}(G, \mathbb Q/\mathbb Z)/d_*(\Hom_{\mathbb Z}(G,\mathbb Q)).
$$
By Lemma 2 and 1 again, it suffices to show that $\Hom_{\mathbb Z}(G, \mathbb Q/\mathbb Z)$ is divisible. This is, where we use that $G$ is torsion-free: Given any $n\in\mathbb N$, we have an exact sequence $0\to G\xrightarrow{\cdot n}G$. As $\mathbb Q/\mathbb Z$ is injective, the sequence
$$
\Hom_{\mathbb Z}(G,\mathbb Q/\mathbb Z) \xrightarrow{\cdot n} \Hom_{\mathbb Z}(G,\mathbb Q/\mathbb Z)\longrightarrow 0
$$
is exact. As $n$ was arbitrary, this shows that $\Hom_{\mathbb Z}(G, \mathbb Q/\mathbb Z)$ is divisible. Hence, $\Ext^1_{\mathbb Z}(G, \mathbb Z)$ is divisible.
Now, assume that $G$ is divisible. Let $n\in\mathbb N$ be arbitrary. We want to prove that $\Ext^1_{\mathbb Z}(G,\mathbb Z) \xrightarrow{\cdot n} \Ext^1_{\mathbb Z}(G,\mathbb Z)$ is injective. Let $H_n:= \{g\in G \mid ng=0\}$. Then we have $\Hom_{\mathbb Z}(H_n,\mathbb Z) = 0$: Given $f\colon H_n\to \mathbb Z$, we have $0 = f(nh) = n\cdot f(h)$ and hence $f(h) = 0$, for all $h\in H_n$. From the short exact sequence $0\to H_n\to G \xrightarrow{\cdot n}G \to 0$ we deduce from the long exact sequence in cohomology an exact sequence
$$
0 = \Hom_{\mathbb Z}(H_n,\mathbb Z) \to \Ext^1_{\mathbb Z}(G,\mathbb Z) \xrightarrow{\cdot n} \Ext^1_{\mathbb Z}(G,\mathbb Z).
$$
Therefore, $\Ext^1_{\mathbb Z}(G,\mathbb Z)$ contains no $n$-torsion for all $n\in\mathbb N$, and is thus torsion-free.  
Notice that this argument shows that $\Ext^1_{\mathbb Z}(nG,\mathbb Z) \xrightarrow{\cdot n} \Ext^1_{\mathbb Z}(G,\mathbb Z)$ is always injective.
