How do I calculate $$\sum_{j=i}^{n}j?$$
WolframAlpha gave me $-\frac{1}{2}(i-n-1)(i+n)$ but I don't understand how it got there
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$\begingroup$ This is the sum of an arithmetic progression. $\endgroup$– Angina SengOct 5, 2017 at 6:26
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$\begingroup$ See this anecdote about Gauss to see how you can compute your sum by hand in seconds. $\endgroup$– ArthurOct 5, 2017 at 6:32
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3 Answers
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- We know $$\sum_{i=1}^{n}i = \frac{n(n+1)}{2}.$$
Therefor, we have
$$\sum_{j=i}^{n}j = \sum_{j=1}^{n}j - \sum_{j=1}^{i-1}j = \frac{n(n+1)}{2} - \frac{(i-1)i}{2} = -\frac{1}{2}(i-n-1)(i+n)$$
answered Oct 5, 2017 at 6:29
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Alternatively: $$\sum_{j=i}^{n}j=i+(i+1)+(i+2)+\cdots +(\underbrace{i+k}_{n})=$$ $$i\cdot (k+1)+\frac{(k+1)k}{2}=\frac{(k+1)(2i+k)}{2}=$$ $$\frac{(n-i+1)(2i+n-i)}{2}=\frac{(n-i+1)(n+i)}{2}.$$
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$$i+(i+1)+(i+2)+...+n=\\\underbrace{i}_{a_1}+\underbrace{i+1}_{a_2}+\underbrace{i+2}_{a_3}+...\\\text{ common-difference }=d=1$$ for arithmetic sum we have $$S_k=\frac{k(a_1+a_k)}{2}$$ number of terms $$=\frac{\text{the last}-\text{the first}}{d}+1\\=\frac{n-i}{1}+1=n-i+1$$ so $$\quad{\underbrace{i+(i+1)+(i+2)+...+n}_{(n-i+1) \text{ terms }}\\S_{n-i+1}=\frac{(n-i+1)(a_1+a_{n-i+1})}{2}=\\\frac{(n-i+1)(i+n)}{2}}$$
answered Oct 5, 2017 at 6:45
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$\begingroup$ The common ratio should be common difference. $\endgroup$ Oct 5, 2017 at 6:57