# If $abc=1$ so $\sum\limits_{cyc}\frac{7-6a}{2+a^2}\geq1$

Let $a$, $b$ and $c$ be real numbers such that $abc=1$. Prove that: $$\frac{7-6a}{2+a^2}+\frac{7-6b}{2+b^2}+\frac{7-6c}{2+c^2}\geq1$$

The equality occurs also for $a=b=2$ and $c=\frac{1}{4}$.

This inequality is a similar to the very many contest's inequalities, but nothing helps.

At least, I don't see how we can prove it.

An example of my trying.

We need to prove that $$\sum_{cyc}\frac{7-6a}{2+a^2}\geq1$$ or $$\sum_{cyc}\left(\frac{7-6a}{2+a^2}+1\right)\geq4$$ or $$\sum_{cyc}\frac{(a-3)^2}{2+a^2}\geq4.$$

By C-S $$\sum_{cyc}\frac{(a-3)^2}{2+a^2}=\sum_{cyc}\frac{(a-3)^2(a+k)^2}{(2+a^2)(a+k)}\geq\frac{\left(\sum\limits_{cyc}(a-3)(a+k)\right)^2}{\sum\limits_{cyc}(2+a^2)(a+k)^2}$$

Now we'll find a value of $k$, for which the equality in the last inequality occurs for $a=b=2$ and $c=\frac{1}{2}$.

Since in all equality case we have $$\frac{a-3}{(2+a^2)(a+k)}=\frac{b-3}{(2+b^2)(b+k)}=\frac{c-3}{(2+c^2)(a+k)},$$ we obtain: $$\frac{2-3}{(2+2^2)(2+k)}=\frac{\frac{1}{4}-3}{(2+\left(\frac{1}{4}\right)^2)(\frac{1}{4}+k)},$$ which gives $k=-\frac{9}{4}$.

Thus, it remains to prove that $$\left(\sum\limits_{cyc}(a-3)(4a-9)\right)^2\geq4\sum_{cyc}(2+a^2)(4a-9)^2,$$ which is wrong for $a=4$ and $b=c=\frac{1}{2}$.

Any hint?

Thank you!

• The title has $3$, but inside you wrote $1$ for the inequality. Which is it? – uniquesolution Mar 12 '17 at 11:34
• are the numbers $a,b,c$ assumed to be positive? – Dr. Sonnhard Graubner Mar 12 '17 at 11:38
• @Dr. Sonnhard Graubner: The inequality (with $3$ in the title replaced by $1$) holds for all real $a,b,c$ with $abc=1$. No need to assume positivity. – quasi Mar 12 '17 at 11:40
• @Michael Rozenberg: I have a computer-assisted symbolic proof -- natural, but not short. I'll post it only if nothing better shows up. – quasi Mar 12 '17 at 11:43
• @uniquesolution: The $3$ in the title should be $1$, else the inequality fails for $a = b = c = 1$. You can edit that in with no worries. – quasi Mar 12 '17 at 11:46

Clearly, that we only need to prove this inequality for case:$\ a , b, c >0$

Let $a=e^{t_1}, b= e^{t_2}, c= e^{t_3}$

$$f(t_1)+f(t_2)+f(t_3) \ge1 \ , \ t_1+t_2+t_3=0$$

$$f(t)=\dfrac{7-6e^t}{2+e^{2t}}$$

$f'(t)=\dfrac{2e^t(e^{t}-3)(3e^t+2)}{(e^{2t}+2)^2}$

Minimum of $f(t)$ is attained at $t=\ln(3)>0 \Rightarrow \min\left( f(t_1)+f(t_2)+f(t_3)\right)$, for $t_1+t_2+t_3=0$ is attained only for case : $t_1,t_2,t_3 \le t_*$

Since $f''(t)=-\dfrac{2e^t(e^t-3+\sqrt{11})(e^t-3-\sqrt{11})(3e^t+2-\sqrt{22})(3e^t+2+\sqrt{22})}{9(e^{2t}+2)^3}$

we only need to consider the inequality in case : $t_1\le t_2=t_3 \le t_*$

$a={q^2} \ , \ b=c=\dfrac{1}{q}$

$\Leftrightarrow \dfrac{(3q^2+6q+5)(2q-1)^2(q-1)^2}{(2q^2+1)(q^4+2)}\ge 0$

Equality holdes for: $(a=b=c=1)\$ and $\ (a=\dfrac{1}{4}, b=c=2)$

• Thank you, @Sergic Primazon – Michael Rozenberg Sep 3 at 7:13

Clearly, we only need to prove the case $$a, b, c > 0$$.

Let $$f(x) = \frac{7-6x}{x^2+2}.$$ We have $$f'(x) = \frac{(6x+4)(x-3)}{(x^2+2)^2}$$. Thus, $$f(x)$$ is strictly decreasing on $$(0, 3)$$ and strictly increasing on $$(3,+\infty).$$ Also, since $$f(x) + 1 = \frac{(x-3)^2}{x^2+2}\ge 0$$, we have $$f(x)\ge -1.$$

WLOG, assume that $$c\le b\le a$$. Clearly $$c\le 1$$.

If $$c < \frac{1}{9}$$, we have $$f(a)+f(b)+f(c) \ge (-1)+(-1) + f(\frac{1}{9}) > 1.$$

If $$\frac{1}{9} \le c \le 1$$, we have $$1\le ab \le 9$$. Denote $$p = \sqrt{ab} \in [1, 3]$$. We have \begin{align*} &\frac{7-6a}{a^2+2} + \frac{7-6b}{b^2+2} - \frac{2(7-6\sqrt{ab})}{ab + 2}\\ =\ &\frac{7-6a}{a^2+2} + \frac{7-6(\frac{p^2}{a})}{(\frac{p^2}{a})^2+2} - \frac{2(7-6p)}{p^2 + 2}\\ =\ & \frac{(a-p)^2[(7p^2+24p-14)a^2+(-6p^4+14p^3+24p^2-28p-24)a+7p^4+24p^3-14p^2] }{(a^2+2)(p^4+2a^2)(p^2+2)}\\ \ge\ & 0, \end{align*} since $$7p^2+24p-14 > 0$$, $$7p^4+24p^3-14p^2 > 0$$ and \begin{align*} &4(7p^2+24p-14)(7p^4+24p^3-14p^2) - (-6p^4+14p^3+24p^2-28p-24)^2\\ =\ & -12(3p^2+4p-6)(p^2-6p-2)(p^2+2)^2 > 0. \end{align*} Thus, it suffices to prove that $$\frac{7-6c}{c^2+2} + \frac{2(7-6\sqrt{ab})}{ab + 2} \ge 1$$ or $$\frac{7-6c}{c^2+2} + \frac{2(7-6\sqrt{\frac{1}{c}})}{\frac{1}{c} + 2} \ge 1$$ or $$\frac{(3c+6\sqrt{c}+5)(2\sqrt{c}-1)^2(\sqrt{c}-1)^2}{(c^2+2)(2c+1)} \ge 0.$$ This completes the proof.

• I proved this inequality already. Thank you very much! – Michael Rozenberg Sep 3 at 7:12
• Nice. You are welcome. – River Li Sep 3 at 8:35

There is also the following.

Let two variables be negative.

Let $$a<0$$, $$b<0$$,$$a'=-a$$ and $$b'=-b$$.

Thus, $$a'>0$$, $$b'>0$$, $$a'b'c=1$$ and $$\sum_{cyc}\frac{7-6a}{2+a^2}=\frac{7+6a'}{2+a'^2}+\frac{7+6b'}{2+b'^2}+\frac{7-6c}{2+c^2}>$$ $$>\frac{7-6a'}{2+a'^2}+\frac{7-6b'}{2+b'^2}+\frac{7-6c}{2+c^2},$$ which says that it's enough to prove our inequality for positive variables.

Now, in the starting post we saw that it's enough to prove that $$\sum_{cyc}\frac{(a-3)^2}{2+a^2}\geq4,$$ which after substitution $$a=\frac{1}{x}$$, $$b=\frac{1}{y}$$ and $$c=\frac{1}{z}$$ gives $$\sum_{cyc}\frac{(3x-1)^2}{2x^2+1}\geq4.$$ Now, by C-S $$\sum_{cyc}\frac{(3x-1)^2}{2x^2+1}\geq\frac{\left(\sum\limits_{cyc}(3x-1)\right)^2}{\sum\limits_{cyc}(2x^2+1)}.$$ Thus, it's enough to prove that: $$\frac{\left(\sum\limits_{cyc}(3x-1)\right)^2}{\sum\limits_{cyc}(2x^2+1)}\geq4$$ or $$9(x+y+z-1)^2\geq8(a^2+b^2+c^2)+12.$$ Now, let $$x+y+z=3u$$, $$xy+xz+yz=3v^2$$ and $$xyz=w^3$$.

Thus, we need to prove that $$9(3u-w)^2\geq8(9u^2-6v^2)+12w^2,$$ which is a linear inequality of $$v^2,$$ which says that it's enough to prove the last inequality for an extreme value of $$v^2$$, which happens for equality case of two variables.

Let $$y=x$$ and $$z=\frac{1}{x^2}.$$

Id est, we need to prove that $$9\left(2x+\frac{1}{x^2}-3\right)^2\geq8\left(2x^2+\frac{1}{x^4}\right)+12$$ or $$(2x-1)^2(x-1)^2(x+1)(5x+1)\geq0$$ and we are done!