If $(K,\leq)$ is a totally ordered field with $P\!=\!\{\alpha\!\in\!K;\, 0\!\leq\!\alpha\}$, how is the valuation associated to $P$ defined?
I was searching through Prestel & Delzell's Positive Polynomials and Engler & Prestel's Valued Fields, but didn't find anything. Perhaps I didn't search thoroughly enough. Google also didn't provide much. Any reference is welcome.
I must calculate the valuation $v$ on $\mathbb{R}(x)$ associated to $P\!=\!\{x^kf(x);\, k\!\in\!\mathbb{Z}, f\!\in\!\mathbb{R}(x), 0\!<\!f(0)\!<\!\infty\}$.
Furthermore, given an ordering $\leq$ and valuation $v$ on $K$, when is $v$ compatible with $\leq$ (definition)?