# The Frattini subgroup in $p$-groups and factor groups

Let $G$ be a finite group, then its Frattini subgroup $\Phi(G)$ is the intersection of all maximal subgroups of $G$. If $N \unlhd G$, then in general we have $$\Phi(G)N / N \le \phi(G / N)$$ as could be seen easily by noting that the maximal subgroups in $G / N$ correspond to maximal subgroups of $G$ which contain $N$, i.e. they are a subset of the maximal subgroups of $G$.

For $p$-groups, the Frattini subgroup is characterised as the smallest normal subgroup such that its quotient is elementary abelian. Using this, for $p$-groups we have $$\Phi(G)N / N = \Phi(G / N).$$ As $G / \Phi(G)N$ is, as a homomorphic image of the elemantary abelian group $G / \Phi(G)$, itself elemenary abelian (and nontrivial if $N \ne G$) and $$G / \Phi(G)N \cong (G / N) / (\Phi(G)N / N)$$ we have for the $p$-group $G / N$ that $\Phi(G / N) \le \Phi(G)N/N$.

Is this right? I nowhere found this result, so I am asking for confirmation.

After seeing $\Phi(G)N / N \le \Phi(G / N)$,
$G/\Phi(G)$ is elamantary abelian $\implies$ $G/\Phi(G)N$ elamantary abelian $\implies (G/N)/(\Phi(G)N/N)$ is elemantary abelian. Hence,
$$\Phi(G)N / N \ge \Phi(G / N)$$. Yes, it is true and you can see this in many $p$- groups book.
$$\Phi(G)=G'G^p$$ for $p$ groups where $G^p=<\{x^p|x\in G \}>$. As $G'/N=(G/N)'$ and $G^p/N=(G/N)^p$ the result follows.