# The sum of the series $\sum_{n=0}^\infty\left(\frac{4n+3}{5^n}\right)$

What is the sum of the series $\sum_{n=0}^\infty\left(\frac{4n+3}{5^n}\right)$ ? I got that the series converges and the sum seems to be $5$. When trying to explicitly get the sum, I tried to find the appropriate function whose Maclaurin series would be this sum.

• $\sum_{n=1}^N\left(\frac{4n+3}{5^n}\right)=2-\frac{2+N}{5^N}$ – d.k.o. Jun 21 '15 at 1:29

$$\sum_{n=0}^{\infty }\frac{4n+3}{5^n}=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty }\frac{4n}{5^n}+\sum_{n=0}^{\infty }\frac{3}{5^n}$$ $$\sum_{n=0}^{\infty }x^n=\frac{1}{1-x}$$ derive it $$\sum_{n=1}^{\infty }nx^{n-1}=\frac{1}{(1-x)^2}$$ multiply by $x$ $$\sum_{n=1}^{\infty }nx^{n}=\frac{x}{(1-x)^2}$$ at $x=1/5$ $$\sum_{n=1}^{\infty }\frac{4n}{5^{n}}=4\frac{1/5}{(1-1/5)^2}$$ the second series is geometric series $$3\sum_{n=0}^{\infty }x^n=3\left(\frac{1}{1-x}\right)$$ find the value at $x=1/5$
• @ThomasAndrews but I think the $n$ was $1$ – user249369 Jun 21 '15 at 1:45
• Yes, but what is $nx^n$ when $n=0$? – Thomas Andrews Jun 21 '15 at 1:46
Hint: $$\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{n}{5^n}=\sum_{n=1}^\infty\sum_{m=n}^\infty \frac{1}{5^m}$$
\sum_{n=0}^\infty\left(\frac{n+1}{5^{n-1}}\right)$$- \sum_{n=0}^\infty\left(\frac{n+2}{5^n}\right) • I was thinking in this line. But we need to prove the convergence, right? Also, how to derive this relation? – lab bhattacharjee Jun 21 '15 at 2:52$$ \begin{align} \sum_{n=0}^{\infty}(4n+3)x^n&=4\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}(n+1)x^n\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}x^n\\ &=4(\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}x^{n+1})'-\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}x^n\\ &=4(\frac{x}{1-x})'-\frac{1}{1-x}\\ &=\frac{x+3}{(1-x)^2} \end{align}$Set$x=\frac{1}{5}$, we have$\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}\frac{4n+3}{5^n}=5\$.