# Evaluate the double sum $\sum_{m=1}^{\infty}\sum_{n=1}^{m-1}\frac{ 1}{m n\left(m^2-n^2\right)^2}$

As a follow up of this nice question I am interested in

$$S_1=\sum_{m=1}^{\infty}\sum_{n=1}^{m-1}\frac{ 1}{m n\left(m^2-n^2\right)^2}$$

Furthermore, I would be also very grateful for a solution to

$$S_2=\sum_{m=1}^{\infty}\sum_{n=m+1}^{\infty}\frac{ 1}{m n\left(m^2-n^2\right)^2}$$

Following my answer in the question mentioned above and the numerical experiments of @Vladimir Reshetnikov it's very likely that at least

$$S_1+S_2 = \frac{a}{b}\pi^6$$

I think both sums may be evaluated by using partial fraction decomposition and the integral representation of the Polygamma function but I don't know how exactly and I guess there could be a much more efficient route.

• The inner summation in the first line is summed from $n=0$ to $n-1$. This needs to be adjusted to make sense. As it should also be adjusted in the problem from whence this is first presented. – Leucippus May 22 '15 at 14:06
• Sorry for the cross-edits, just making sure the title was covered too – abiessu May 22 '15 at 14:13
• no problem. now everthing should be fine... :) – tired May 22 '15 at 14:13
• Where does $m$ start? – Alex M. May 22 '15 at 14:15
• @RenatoFaraone Makes no difference (for $S_1$), since the inner sum is an empty sum for $m = 1$. – Daniel Fischer May 22 '15 at 14:28

Clearly, $S_1$=$S_2$ (this can be shown by reversing the order of summation, as was noted above). Using $$\frac{ 1}{m n\left(m^2-n^2\right)^2}=\frac{ (m+n)^2-(m-n)^2}{4 m^2 n^2\left(m^2-n^2\right)^2}$$ we get $$S_1=\sum_{m=1}^{\infty}\sum_{n=1}^{m-1}\frac{ 1}{m n\left(m^2-n^2\right)^2}=\frac{1}{4}\sum_{m=1}^{\infty}\sum_{n=1}^{m-1}\frac{ 1}{m^2 n^2\left(m-n\right)^2}-\frac{1}{4}\sum_{m=1}^{\infty}\sum_{n=1}^{m-1}\frac{ 1}{m^2 n^2\left(m+n\right)^2},$$ and after reversing the order of summation in the first sum $$S_1=\frac{1}{4}\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\sum_{m=n+1}^{\infty}\frac{ 1}{m^2 n^2\left(m-n\right)^2}-\frac{1}{4}\sum_{m=1}^{\infty}\sum_{n=1}^{m-1}\frac{ 1}{m^2 n^2\left(m+n\right)^2}=\\ \frac{1}{4}\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\sum_{m=1}^{\infty}\frac{ 1}{m^2 n^2\left(m+n\right)^2}-\frac{1}{4}\sum_{m=1}^{\infty}\sum_{n=1}^{m-1}\frac{ 1}{m^2 n^2\left(m+n\right)^2}. \qquad\qquad (1)$$

Let's introduce a third sum $$S_3=\sum_{m=1}^{\infty}\sum_{n=1}^{m-1}\frac{ 1}{m^2 n^2\left(m+n\right)^2} =\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\sum_{m=n+1}^{\infty}\frac{ 1}{m^2 n^2\left(m+n\right)^2}=\\ \frac{1}{2}\sum_{m=1}^{\infty}\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{ 1}{m^2 n^2\left(m+n\right)^2}-\frac{1}{8}\zeta(6).$$ Using An Infinite Double Summation $\sum_{k=1}^{\infty} \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{n^2k^2(n+k)^2}$? we get $$S_3=\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{1}{3}\zeta(6)-\frac{1}{8}\zeta(6)=\frac{1}{24}\zeta(6).\qquad\qquad\qquad (2)$$ From (1) and (2) we get

$$S_1=\frac{1}{4}\cdot\frac{1}{3}\zeta(6)-\frac{1}{4}\cdot\frac{1}{24}\zeta(6)=\frac{7}{96}\zeta(6)=\frac{7}{96}\frac{\pi^6}{945}=\frac{\pi^6}{12960}$$

• excellent work (+1) , i was failing after your formula one back then....! – tired Oct 18 '15 at 10:48

Numerically, I get $$S_1+S_2 = 0.14836252987273216621$$ which agrees with $$\frac{\pi^6}{6480}$$ Also numerically, $$S_1 = 0.074181264936366083104 \\ S_2 = 0.074181264936366083104$$ are seemingly equal.

• very well! multiplying this by $8\pi$ and adding $\pi^7/70$gives us the result suggested by @Vladimir Reshetnikov – tired May 22 '15 at 15:31
• Do you have an idea where this symmerty come from? I'm not getting my head around it :/ – tired May 22 '15 at 15:54
• Reverse the order of summation in $S_2$ and see what you get. – GEdgar May 22 '15 at 16:41
• thanks, oh man today is not my brightest day! – tired May 22 '15 at 17:25