Please find the exact equation for unknown polynomial using 50 points of (x,y) If we have $50$ points of known $(x,y)$ provided from a certain polynomial, ( note; this polynomial is unknown and we do not know it's degree). So is there any way to find the exact equation for this polynomial by using the value of $50$ points?( I am not looking here for the best fitting equation, I ask for the exact equation of the polynomial).
Thanks
 A: Given that each value of x only has one y value, f(x) can be a degree 50 polynomial. 
$f(x) = a_1x^{49} + a_2x^{48} + ... + a_{49}x + a_{50}$
For all the values of (x,y), substitute the values of x and y and solve.
However, in the case x has more than one y value, f(x) is not a polynomial.

At the OP's request, here is an elaboration.
Let us say there is a point (3,5)
We substitute this value in and we get $a_1*3^{49} + a_2*3^{48} + ... + a_{49}*3 + a_{50} = 5$
After 50 values, we can get an answer.
A: The Lagrangian polynomial will interpolate your data points.
Then if your coordinates are exact and you compute the coefficients using exact arithmetic, the high degree terms will vanish by themselves.
If you coordinates are approximate, then you are in trouble as all coefficients will remain non-zero and you'll get a polynomial of the $49^{th}$ degree, as the method is highly unstable.
The Neville computation scheme (computing all coefficients, not just a value) should give you better insight as the intermediate polynomials should never exceed the actual degree and will tend to become equal.
A safer approach could be to compute fitting polynomials for increasing degrees and decide when the least-squares residue has dropped. It all depends on the quality of your data.
Make sure to know an upper bound on the degree !
