The $ABCD$ paralelograms sides are $AB,BC,CD,DA$. On these line segments there are points in the same order: $X,Y,Z,V$. The $ABCD$ paralelograms sides are $AB,BC,CD,DA$. On these line segments there are points in the same order: $X,Y,Z,V$. We know, that: $$\frac{AX}{XB}=\frac{BY}{YC}=\frac{CZ}{ZD}=\frac{DV}{VA}=k$$
$k$ is a positive constant what is less then $\frac{1}{2}$. What is the value of $k$, if the area of $XYZV$ is 86% of the area of $ABCD$?
Can you tell me a step by step answer to this question?
 A: Let $AB = CD = a$ and $BC = AD = b$. Then we have:
$$\frac{AX}{XB} = k \implies \frac{a}{XB} = k+1 \implies XB = \frac{a}{k+1}$$
From this we obtain that:
$$AX = \frac{ka}{k+1}$$
We get simular results for all other segments. Now check that $XYZV$ is inscribed in $ABCD$ and we have:
$$P_{ABCD} - P_{XBY} - P_{YCZ} - P_{ZDV} - P_{VAX} = P_{XYZV}$$
Now using the condition and the formula for area of a triangle we have:
$$P_{ABCD} - \frac{XB\cdot YB \cdot \sin \angle XBY}{2} - \frac{YC\cdot ZC \cdot \sin \angle YCZ}{2} - \frac{ZD\cdot VD \cdot \sin \angle ZDV}{2} - \frac{VA\cdot XA \cdot \sin \angle VAX}{2} = \frac{86P_{ABCD}}{100}$$
Substitute for all the segments and the recall the formula for area of a paralelogram: $P = ab \sin \alpha$ and you'll get:
$$P_{ABCD} -\frac{2kP_{ABCD}}{(k+1)^2} = \frac{86P_{ABCD}}{100}$$
Divide by $P_{ABCD} \not = 0$ and you'll get:
$$\frac{7}{50} = \frac{2k}{(k+1)^2}$$
$$7(k+1)^2 = 100k$$
$$7k^2-86k + 7 = 0$$
Solbing it you'll get: $k_1 = \frac 17 \left(43 - 30\sqrt{2}\right)$ and $k_2 = \frac 17 \left(43 + 30\sqrt{2}\right)$. Since $k_2 >2$ the only solution is $k_1$
A: Due triangle similarity (by drawing parallel lines) at a given fraction of sides it is square root of the ratio. If at mid point of each side quarter area is filled for central position example $ \sqrt{(1/4)} = 1/2$. In this case the fraction is:
$ \sqrt{.86} =~ .927362.$
or =~ $ (1- 0.927362) $ if you mean the other half side for the ratio.
