Mathematical Group for describing the domain of mathematical process I am trying to follow discussions regarding provability and paradoxes, particularly in the domains of logic and set theory. It is my belief that there is an assumption that any question expressable in english must have a binary answer - yes or no, true or false, but I believe that much of the confusion stems from questions in which the scope is not clearly defined, etc.
The obvious solution would be to express the problems in terms of a mathematics - a group. 
So, I ask if anyone has already created such a group, before i start wandering down the garden trail.
Some of the concepts I am toying with include 
Questions
Answers - even for a boolean question we can have many answers, such as 


*

*True or 

*False.
However, the system needed more possible answers to work.

*Bad question 


Now there are multiple subtypes of 3. Bad Question.
3a. The question is understood, but it is not answerable in a true or false sense. 
3b. The question is not understandable. It is badly phrased.
3c. The question is not answerable because there is not sufficient information provided within the question. (e.g. if x = 5, is x > y)
3d. It depends on the scope of the question. (e.g. which mathematics theorems are you using).
3e. One or more theories assumed in the scope of the question is incorrect, or inadequate to the nature of the question (. E.g using Newtonian mechanics when Relativity is required)
And just within the scope of "Is statement x provable?"  there are multiple meanings for provable:
a.  Provably true, 
b.  Provably false,
c.  No known proof has been found yet
d.  No known disproof has been found yet
e.  Provably unprovable. i.e. it can be proven  that it can never be proven. 
From this we can clearly see that the Boolean space is not sufficient.
Soem definitions
Group: a mathematical system, 
containing
                        Elements
Operators
                        Axioms
Capable of expressing statements
            Some of which are provably true
            Some of which are provably false
            Some of which are not provable
Valid Group – a group which is incapable of expressing paradoxes. One that is fully internally consistent.
Broken Group – a group which has one or more incorrect axioms, and so is capable of expressing paradoxes. (Gödel's second incompleteness theorem)
Incomplete Group – a group which has axioms yet to be discovered, and so is incapable of proving all valid statements
An example of an incomplete group would be ZF set theory without Axiom of Choice. Apparently there are numerous unprovable statements there.
Please be gentle with the jargon. I am almost a lapsed applied mathematician (applied physics), not theoretical,
but my work in ICT is leading me back to categorisation theory in the context of metadata.
 A: First of all, the word "group" has a technical meaning which is not the meaning you're using here. It seems to me that you want something more like a "theory." A "theory," in the technical sense, is essentially a collection of statements in some logical language. The subjects that study logical theories are, from two different directions, proof theory and model theory, either of which you might want to do some reading in.
As to your experiments with statements that aren't necessarily either true or false, it's certainly not the usual assumption, as you claim, that every question expressible in English has a binary answer. It is usually assumed that every statement in a logical language is either true or false, more or less because such statements are completely precise. But this is not always assumed: more unusual logical systems investigate more than two truth values. Intuitionistic logic is one of the most famous, although it has essentially no advocates today. But a Google search for multi[value logic will show that quite a few people have been interested in such questions.
