Why does $sin$ of supplementary angles have equal values? Given two supplementary angles (for instance, 30 degrees and 150 degrees), why is
$\sin(30^\circ) = \sin(150^\circ)$?
Where can I find a proof for this? Or the derivative of such proofs?
 A: UNIT CIRCLE
I like looking at unit circles and seeing how the y value of the angle is the same no matter which side of the y axis the angle goes to (80 and 100, 45 and 135, pairs have the same y value), 

but...
PROOF
$$\sin(\pi-\theta)=\sin\pi \cos\theta - \cos\pi \sin\theta$$
$$\sin(\pi-\theta)=0\times \cos\theta - (-1) \sin\theta$$
$$\sin(\pi-\theta)=\sin\theta$$
GRAPH
Finally, you can think of the sine function graph and start from $\theta=0$ and $\theta=180^\circ$ and move towards each other. You can see how the values mirror each other along the way.

A: It depends a lot on how you define the sine. Let's stick to right triangles, which allow to define the sine for acute angles: if $\alpha=\widehat{BAC}$ is the angle of a right triangle $ABC$ (the angle in $B$ is right), then
$$
\sin\alpha=\frac{BC}{AB}.
$$
Now consider this figure:

The triangle $BHO$ is right at $H$ and the angle at $O$ is $\alpha$ by an important theorem in elementary geometry. If $r$ is the radius of the circle and $a$ is the length of $BC$, then
$$
a=2r\sin\alpha.
$$
This is valid for an acute triangle, because the incenter will be inside the triangle. Consider now a point $A'$ on the arc $BC$ not containing $A$. The angle $\widehat{BA'C}$ will be supplementary to $\alpha$, but the triangle $BCO$ plays exactly the same role for $A'BC$ as for $ABC$. If we want to give a meaning to $\sin(\pi-\alpha)$ ($\pi$ denotes the measure of the straight angle, $180°$, if you prefer), you are forced to define
$$
\sin(\pi-\alpha)=\sin\alpha
$$
so that the same statement as before holds: if $\widehat{BA'C}=\alpha'$, that is, $\alpha'=\pi-\alpha$, then
$$
a=2r\sin\alpha'.
$$
If you define the sine by means of the unit circle, then this image should explain the fact:

The rays corresponding to supplementary angles intersect the unit circles in points having the same $y$-coordinate, so the two angles have the same sine (and opposite cosines).
A: You can use the difference formula:
$$\sin 150^{\circ} = \sin(180^{\circ} - 30^{\circ}) = \sin 180^{\circ} \cos 130^{\circ} - \cos 180^{\circ} \sin 30^{\circ} \\ = 0 \cdot \cos 130^{\circ} - (-1) \cdot \sin 30^{\circ} = \sin 30^{\circ}.$$
Or, in general:
$$\sin x = \sin(\pi - (\pi - x)) = \sin \pi \cos (\pi - x) - \cos \pi \sin (\pi - x) = \\ 0 \cdot \cos (\pi - x) - (-1) \cdot \sin (\pi - x) = \sin(\pi - x).$$
A: From $0$ to $180$,
sine
goes up and down symmetrically
around 90.
(Note:
this is not rigorous.)
