This is to elaborate on the comments of Robert Israel at the end of his answer.
If $f_n\xrightarrow{n\rightarrow\infty}f$ pointwise $\mu$-a.s., $|f_n|\leq g_n$, and $\lim_n\int g_n\,d\mu=\int \lim g_n\,d\mu$, then the "generalized" dominated convergence implies that $\int|f-f_n|\,d\mu\xrightarrow{n\rightarrow\infty}0$, for
$|f-f_n|\leq |f|+ |g_n|$, and
$$\lim_n\int(|f|+g_n)\,d\mu=\int\lim_n(|f|+g_n)\,d\mu=\int(|f|+\lim_n|g|)\,d\mu$$
Conversely, if $\lim_n\int|f_n-f|\,d\mu=0$, then
$$\begin{align}
\int \big||f| -|f_n|\big|\,d\mu&\leq\int |f - f_n|\,d\mu\xrightarrow{n\rightarrow\infty}0\\
\Big|\int (f-f_n)\,d\mu\Big|&\leq \int |f - f_n|\,d\mu\xrightarrow{n\rightarrow\infty}0
\end{align}$$
Thus, if $f_n\rightarrow f$ $\mu$-a.s., the existence of a sequence $g_n\geq0$ such that $|f_n|\leq g_n$ and $\lim_n\int g_n\,d\mu=\int \lim_n g_n\,d\mu$ is necessary and sufficient for $\lim_n\int|f-f_n|\,d\mu=0$, and all the nice consequence this entails (necessity follows by taking $g_n=|f_n|$, sufficiency is the generalized theorem).
I can't answer right now whenever the classical version of dominated convergence is also a necessary conditions, that is if $f_n\xrightarrow{n\rightarrow\infty}f$ $\mu$-a.s. and $\lim_n\int|f-f_n|\,d\mu$ implies that there is $g\in L_1$ such that $|f_n|\leq g$ for all $n$. This can happen along a subsequence $f_{n_k}$ though.
Take for example a subsequence $f_{n_k}$ such that
$$\int|f_{n_{k+1}}-f_{n_k}|\,d\mu\leq \frac{1}{k^2}$$
Define
\begin{align}
g_k&=f_{n_1}+\sum^k_{j=1}(f_{n_{j+1}}-f_{n_j})\\
G_k&=|f_{n_1}|+\sum^k_{j=1}|f_{n_{j+1}}-f_{n_j}|
\end{align}
By monotone convergence, $G_k$ converges to an integrable function $G=\sup_kG_k$ and $\int|G-G_k|\,d\mu\xrightarrow{k\rightarrow\infty}0$.
Notice that $g_k=f_{n_{k+1}}$, and $|g_k|\leq G_k\leq G$.
Finally, if the convergence of $\lim_n\int|f_n-f|\,d\mu=0$ is fast enough, for example, there is a sequence $a_n>0$ such that $\sum_na_n<\infty$ and $\int|f_n-f|\,d\mu\leq a_n$, then the argument introduced above shows that an integrable dominating function $G$, i.e. $|f_n|\leq G$ for all $n$, does exists.