Three squares are drawn next to each other. Three lines are drawn from a corner as illustrated. Determine the sum of the three angles exposed (the exact number of degrees or radians):
2 Answers
Note that: $$\tan \alpha_1=1 \qquad \tan \alpha_2=\frac{1}{2} \qquad \tan \alpha_3=\frac{1}{3}$$
and $$ \tan (\alpha_1+\alpha_2)=\frac{\tan \alpha_1+\tan \alpha_2}{1-\tan \alpha_2\tan \alpha_2}=\frac{1+1/2}{1-1/2}=3 $$ so: $$\tan (\alpha_1+\alpha_2)=\frac{1}{\tan \alpha_3}$$ and this means that $\alpha_3$ is the complement of $\alpha_1+\alpha_2$, i.e. $\alpha_1+\alpha_2+\alpha_3=90°$
Hint. Draw another one-by-two domino, but aligned at $45$ degrees to this one, whose lower-left and upper-right corners are the upper-left and lower-right corners of the original diagram. You will find that the proposition becomes self evident.
(When I get to a console, I'll draw it out if that helps.) Martin Gardner fans should recognize it.