# Tag Info

3

The solution given by Wolfram Alpha is for the problem $$q''(p)=\frac{q'(p)^2}{q(p)} - \frac{q'(p)}{p} \, .$$ Here is the argument for the case $p > 0$. Let $w(p) = \log q(p)$. Then $w'= \frac{q'}{q}$ and $w'' = \frac{q''}{q} - \frac{(q')^2}{q^2}$. Divide the differential equation by $q$. It becomes  \frac{q''(p)}{q(p)} = ...

2

In think inequality is the social-economic concept, not a mathematical inequality as in "greater than". The left tail refers to the poorest part of the population, the right tail refers to the rich people. Roughly speaking, if we assume the existence of three social classes: poor, middle and rich, then left tail inequality refers to exactly how poor, and ...

1

Each $y_{it}$ is understood a random variable; so there is no problem in writing $\Bbb{E}(y_{it} \mid x_{it})$. It seems an abuse of notation to write $y_{it}$ for both a random variable and a particular realization; but this is not uncommon in applied fields.

1

You have posted the conditional expectation for continuous random variables. The conditional expectation for discrete random variables is $E(Y|X=x)=\sum_{i=1}^n y_i\cdot f(y_i|x_i)$ In linear regression this conditional expectation is the estimated regression line: $E(Y|X=x)=\alpha+\beta x_i=\hat y_i$ $\alpha$ and $\beta$ are the estimated parameter of ...

1

Assuming that the demand is the same every day and that the amount produced is the same each time: If $p$ is the number of times production is set up per year, the annual setup cost is $320p$. If $b$ is the number of boxes purchased in each order, then due to uniform annual demand, the average number of boxes in storage is $b/2$, so the storage costs are ...

Only top voted, non community-wiki answers of a minimum length are eligible