All Questions

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An arithmetic sequence whose members do not contain the digit ‘9’

There is a non-constant arithmetic progression made of natural numbers only; none of them contains the digit $9$. Prove that such an arithmetic progression has no more than $72$ terms.
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Difficult infinite integral involving a Gaussian, Bessel function and complex singularities

I've come across the following integral in my work on flux noise in SQUIDs. $$\intop_{0}^{\infty}dk\, e^{-ak^{2}}J_{0}\left(bk\right)\frac{k^{3}}{c^{2}+k^{4}}$$ Where $a$,$b$,$c$ are all positive. ...
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quasi-convexity of a function

Can someone help me identify whether the following function is quasi-convex? Let $p>1$. For $x=(x_1,\dots,x_n),x_i>0,\sum_ix_i=1$, we define $$f(x) = -\log \sum_i (x_i/\|x\|_p)^{p-1}.$$ Plots ...
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A question about conic sets of functionals.

The problem is the following. Let $(X,\|\cdot\|)$ be a normed space and let $C \subseteq X$ be a closed convex set with nonempty interior. Let be $x\in C$. I define to be a "normal cone to $C$ in ...
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Uniform continuity of the function $x(t)=e^{tA}x$

Let $A$ be a bounded operator on a Banach space $X$. Consider the exponential function $x(t)=e^{tA}x:=\sum_{n=0}^{+\infty}\dfrac{t^nA^n}{n!}x$, for all $t\in \mathbb{R}$, where $x\in X$. If the ...
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A Sperner type problem on infinite antichains

Let $\mathcal{A} \subset 2^{\mathbb{N}}$ be an antichain (with respect to containment). I want to measure the size of $\mathcal{A}$ in the following way: I create a set, $S$, by flipping a fair coin ...
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Closed form $\sum_{n=2}^{\infty} \frac{1}{\ln^n{n}}$ and $\sum_{n=2}^{\infty} \frac{n}{\ln^n{n}}$

Apologies if this has been asked before, but I was playing around with Wolfram Alpha and got approximations but not closed forms for $$\sum_{n=2}^{\infty} \frac{1}{\ln^n{n}} \approx 3.2426094109$$ ...
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How prove this $3^{\frac{5^{2^n}-1}{2^{n+2}}}\equiv (-5)^{\frac{3^{2^n}-1}{2^{n+2}}}\pmod {2^{n+4}}$

Question: show that: $$3^{\frac{5^{2^n}-1}{2^{n+2}}}\equiv (-5)^{\frac{3^{2^n}-1}{2^{n+2}}}\pmod {2^{n+4}},n\geq 1$$ My idea: since I have prove $$5^{2^n}-1\equiv 0\pmod {2^{n+2}}$$ ...
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Analytic continuation of a function

Let $$f(z) = A_0 + A_1(z-a) + A_2(z-a)^2 + \cdots$$ converge in some disk $|z - a| < r$. Following Weyl, we magically re-arrange this power series at point $b$ in this disk and the power series ...
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Parity of sum of Kronecker deltas in a graph

For some fixed $n\in\mathbb N$ let $G$ be a graph on the vertex set $\{1,\dots,n\}$ with a total number of $k$ edges $e_1,\dots, e_k$. For any vertex colouring $c(i)$ of the graph, $\delta_e$ is ...
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How prove $\sum_{cyc}\sqrt{PA+PB}\ge 2\sqrt{\sum_{cyc}h_{a}}$

Question: let $\Delta ABC$,and the altitude is $h_{a},h_{b},h_{c}$,where $AB=c,BC=a,AC=b$ and for any $P$ show that $$\sqrt{PA+PB}+\sqrt{PB+PC}+\sqrt{PA+PC}\ge 2\sqrt{h_{a}+h_{b}+h_{c}}$$ ...
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Derivative of a generalized hypergeometric function

Let $$f(a)={_2F_3}\left(\begin{array}c1,\ 1\\\tfrac32,\ 1-a,\ 2+a\end{array}\middle|-\pi^2\right).$$ How to find $f'(0)$ in a closed form?
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$C(X)$ is separable when $X$ is compact

Let $X$ be a compact space and let $\Bbb U =\{(U,V); U,V \mbox{ are open subsets of }X \mbox{ and }\mathrm{cl} U \subset V\}$. for $u=(U,V)$ in $\Bbb U$ , let $F_u:X\to [0,1]$ be a continuous ...
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Quotient of Poincare dodecahedral space-example of spherical orbifold

Let $\mathcal{O}$ the orbifold with underlying space $S^3$ and singular locus the trefoil knot with local groups of order five. Then how can we see that it is the quotient space of the Poincare ...
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Fourier Transform Identity (Convolution & Symmetry rule)

I don't follow the part of the solution highlighted in green.
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Entropy of the product of two random variables

Consider a random matrix $X$ and a random vector $Y$. Let the Shannon entropies $H(X) = H(Y) = n$. Is there a simple upper bound for entropy $H(XY)$? I believe $H(XY) \leq 2n$ as that is a simple ...
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solving equation also involving unknown matrix in trace

Given two real $m$ x $k$ matrices $A_1$ and $B_1$ and two $k$ x $k$ real matrices $A_2$ and $B_2$ I want to solve the following equation for $Q$. $Q$ is an orthogonal matrix, i.e. $Q^TQ=I$. ...
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Can a Mersenne number ever be a Carmichael number?

Can a Mersenne number ever be a Carmichael number? More specifically, can a composite number $m$ of the form $2^n-1$ ever pass the test: $a^{m-1} \equiv 1 \mod m$ for all intergers $a >1$ ...
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Logic of numerical series

One of our colleagues has written a numerical series to the whiteboard in our breakroom. Nobody until now could solve the logic behind this series: ...
Solutions to functional equation $f(x_1,x_2)+g(a_1t+x_1,a_2t+x_2)+h(b_1t+x_1,b_2t+x_2) = t^2$
Let $f:\mathbb{R}^2\rightarrow \mathbb{R}$, $g:\mathbb{R}^2 \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ and $h:\mathbb{R}^2 \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ be twice continuously differentiable functions such that, \begin{align*} ...