# All Questions

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### Integrate $\displaystyle \int \sin(\sqrt{at})dt$

Integrate $\displaystyle \int \sin(\sqrt{at})dt$ Here is what I tried. Let $u=\sqrt{at}$, then $\displaystyle\ du=\frac{a}{2\sqrt{at}}dt=\frac{a}{2u}dt\implies \frac{2udu}{a}=dt.$ So by subsitution, ...
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### a question about Fenchel's theorem(differential geometry)

I am an undergraduate student studying differential geometry right now. I am just finishing reading how to prove Fenchel's theorem:The total curvature of a smooth closed curve in 3-dimensional space ...
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### $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{n+1!} \prod_{k=1}^{n} f(k)$ Prove the divergence of a series [on hold]

How can I prove the divergence of the series $$\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \left(\frac{1}{(n+1)!} \prod_{k=1}^{n} f(k)\right)$$ if $f:\mathbb{N} \rightarrow \mathbb{N}$ is injective? 
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### Slopes of inverse functions

I have a question that states if $f(x) = x^3+3x-1$ from $(-\infty,\infty)$ calculate $g'(3)$using the formula $$g'(x)= \left(\frac1{f'(g(x))}\right )$$ If I am thinking about this correctly does ...
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### Mixed vs Equal Characteristic Local Rings

This is more of a vague, intuitive type of question, so perhaps there isn't anything too concrete anyone can offer. I am trying to get a sense of precisely why working with local rings of equal ...
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### Uniform Sampling on Intersection of Simplices

I'm trying to sample uniformly on the intersections of several simplicies, with all coordinates being non-negative. That is, given $$A\vec{x}=\vec{b} \ \ and \ \ \vec{x} \geq \vec{0},$$ I want to ...
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### How to solve the system of equations $\{10^{-4}x_1+x_2=1, x_1+x_2=2\}$ using finite precision arithmetic with three significant figures?

Consider the following two equations: $10^{-4}x_1+x_2=1$ $x_1+x_2=2$ Solve using Gaussian Elimination using finite precision arithmetic with three significant figures. I'm a little ...
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### Interpretations of divergent series

I have already bumped into this question and found it not quite useful for my own purposes. The usual way the sum of the infinite series is taught and defined in 1st year undergrad course is that its ...
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### Summation of special series

Does anybody know how to evaluate $$\sum_{i=2}^n(i^2)\cdot{i\choose2}$$ How about the general case of $(i^k)*{i\choose2}$? A nice formula would be great!
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### stuck on an function question [on hold]

I'm studying CompSci, While I'm having fun with that, I haven't had a higher level math class since 2009. Unfortunately, I'm required to take calculus in order to pursue something I'm passionate ...
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### Differentiate functional with delta function when calculating Euler-Lagrange equation

The paper "active contours without edges" by Chan and Vese http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=902291, My goal is to understand how to derive the corresponding euler-lagrange ...
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### Probability of a group of people voting yes or no

I am in need of some explanation as for whatever reason I just can't wrap my head around a problem. The question basically breaks down like this: There are $8$ people on a jury ($3$ men and $5$ ...
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### What is the number of mappings?

It is given that there are two sets of real numbers $A = \{a_1, a_2, ..., a_{100}\}$ and $B= \{b_1, b_2, ..., b_{50}\}.$ If there is a mapping $f$ from $A$ to $B$ such that every element in $B$ has an ...
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### Find $\alpha$ which makes the problem have an optimal solution or none at all + dual problem LP

min $x_1 + \alpha x_2$ subject to $4x_1+3x_2\leq29$ $x_1+x_2\geq4$ $x_1\leq5$ $x_2\leq7$ Find for which $\alpha$ the given problem has an optimal solution or no solution at all. Provide the ...
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### Proving a trigonometric identity with tangents [on hold]

Prove that: $$\tan^227^\circ +2 \tan27^\circ \tan36^\circ=1$$ any help, I appreciate it.
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### Counting points on the Klein quartic

In Moreno's book "Algebraic Curves over Finite Fields", he mentions the following in passing with no further comments ($K$ denotes the Klein quartic defined by $X^3 Y + Y^3 Z + Z^3 X = 0$): The ...
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### Summation of “products”

Ok, I am pretty sure I won't get an answer because the question is somewhat hard, and I have done research to no prevail but how can I find the summation of ab if I know the summation of a and the ...
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### Example of a ring with infinitely many zero divisors and finitely many invertible elements

I am preparing to my abstract algebra exam and I try to find an example of a ring with infinitely many zero divisors and finitely many invertible elements (rather simple if possible). Does it even ...
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### Prove or disprove that $\sqrt{2+\frac{1}{n}}$ is irrational for $n \in \mathbb{Z}^+$

I have good reason to suspect that $\sqrt{2+\frac{1}{n}}$ is irrational for all $n \in \mathbb{Z}^+$ but a proof of this eludes me. I've tried proof by contradiction have had no success. I've also ...
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### One-to-One functions help [duplicate]

The one-to-one functions $g$ and $h$ are defined as follows: $$g=\{(9,8), (5,9), (8,-9), (9,-2)\}$$ $$h(x)=4x-9$$ SOLVE $$(g^{-1})(-9)=?$$ $$(h^{-1})(x)=?$$ $$(H o H^{-1})(7)=?$$
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### If $AB$ and $BA$ are defined, then $AB$ and $BA$ are square matrices.

So as self-practice, I'm going over some proofs from Linear Algebra. I came across the following proof: $$\text{Prove that if both products AB and BA are defined, then AB,BA \in M_{n,n}.}$$ I ...
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### Derive $E(X^k)$ I need help with the substitution piece.

If $X\sim\mathrm{WEI}(\theta,\beta)$, derive $E(X^k)$ assuming $k > -\beta$. Note that $X\sim\mathrm{WEI}(\theta,\beta)=\dfrac{\beta}{\theta^\beta}x^{\beta -1}e^{-(x/\theta)^\beta}$ I know to ...
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### What does s=jω actually mean in terms of the complex plane and Laplace transforms?

I was trying to solve a problem on RC circuits. The current source was of the form $\cos (\omega t)$ which transforms in the manner of Laplace to $\frac{s}{s^2+\omega^2}$. I thought I’d use the ...
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### How to find $I=\int_{-4}^4\int_{-3}^3 \int_{-2}^2 \int_{-1}^1 \frac{x_1-x_2+x_3{-}x_4}{x_1+x_2+x_3+x_4} \, dx_1 \, dx_2 \, dx_3 \, dx_4$

How can I find this integral $$I=\int_{-4}^4\int_{-3}^3 \int_{-2}^2 \int_{-1}^1 \frac{x_1-x_2+x_3{-}x_4}{x_1+x_2+x_3+x_4} \, dx_1 \, dx_2 \, dx_3 \, dx_4$$
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### Prove that $\prod_1^{\infty}(1-a_i) > 0$ iff $\sum_1^{\infty}{a_i} < \infty$

Suppose $\{a_i\}_1^{\infty} \subset (0,1)$ a) $\prod_1^{\infty}(1-a_i) > 0$ iff $\sum_1^{\infty}{a_i} < \infty$ b) Given $\beta \in (0,1)$, exhibit a sequence $\{a_i\}$ such that ...
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### Derivative of log determinant of triangular matrix

It is known that $$\frac{\partial\log|A|}{\partial A}=A^{-T}$$ However, if $L$ is a lower triangular positive definite matrix and take the log determinant, $\log |L|=\sum_i\log L_{ii}$. Question is ...
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### Determine Orthogonal and non orthogonal using Coordinates

Can we identify using coordinates that if Polygon is orthogonal or non orthogonal. data = [(100, 100), (100, 200), (300, 200), (600, 400), (1150, 400), (1150,300), (600,300), (300,100)](These ...
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### Characteristic Function and Convergence in Distribution of Sequence of R.V.

I am trying to solve the following: Let $X_1,X_2,...$ be a sequence of random variables with $P(X_n=\frac{k}{n})=\frac{1}{n}, k=0,1,2,...,n$. Find the characteristic function of $X_n$ and show that ...
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### Polynomial whose one of its roots is $\cos(\pi/7)$

Let $P(x)$ be a 3rd-degree polynomial with integer coefficients, one of whose roots is $\cos(\pi/7)$. Compute $\frac{P(1)}{P(-1)}$ I saw this question in a contest math problem, and I know that it ...
Let $\{X_{\alpha}\}_{\alpha\in A}$ be a family of topological spaces. The product topology on $X=\prod_{\alpha\in A}X_{\alpha}$ is the weak topology generated by the coordinate maps ...