Tagged Questions

5
votes
0answers
45 views

number of potential couples

A potential couple is a pair of a man and a woman that like each other (assume that 'like' is a symmetric relation). Given a group of $M$ men and $W$ women, I want to know how many different ...
2
votes
0answers
61 views

History of Hindman's Theorem

At this blogpost about Hindman's Theorem, I read the following lines: 'I love the odd history so allow me to digress... etc. ' This sentence made me curious to know what this history looks ...
6
votes
1answer
63 views

Two subsets and their union have same color

Color all nonempty subsets of $[n] = \{1,2,\ldots,n\}$ with colors $1,2,\ldots,r$. Show that, for all large enough $n$, there exist two disjoint nonempty subsets $A,B \subseteq [n]$ such that ...
0
votes
1answer
50 views

Ramsey's theory inequality with $t$-subsets

Let $q_{1},\, q_{2}, \ldots, q_{k},t$ be positive integers, where $q_{1}\geq t, q_{2}\geq t, \ldots, q_{k}\geq t$. Let $m$ be the largest of $q_{1},q_{2}, \ldots, q_{k}$. Show that ...
2
votes
1answer
39 views

The Ramsey number $r(t,t,q)$ with $q\geq t$

Let q and t be positive integers with $q\geq t$. Determine the Ramsey number $r_t(t,t,q)$. This is from the book Introductory Combinatorics by Brualdi, and in the back it says the answer is q without ...
4
votes
2answers
112 views

Guaranteeing an integer lattice point centroid

My question is this: Writing $n(4)$ to be the minimum number of integer lattice points in the plane so that some four of them must determine an integer lattice point centroid, show that $n(4)=13$. I ...
1
vote
1answer
71 views

A Problem about friends and strangers using Ramsey's Theory

Question: Consider a group of 8 people, each pair of which are either friends or enemies. Show that if some person in the group has at least 6 friends, then there are 4 people who are mutual friends ...
0
votes
0answers
51 views

proving an inequality by induction

Not sure how to proceed. I'm trying to prove that the following inequality is true. I know that $t_2 = 6$ and $t_3=17$ from the problem statement. The base case is obvious. $t_{r+1} \leq (r+1) (t_r ...
2
votes
1answer
129 views

Ramsey Number Inequality

I want to prove that: $$R(\underbrace{3,3,...,3,3}_{k+1}) \le (k+1)(R(\underbrace{3,3,...3}_k)-1)+2$$ where R is a Ramsey number. In the LHS, there are $k+1$ $3$'s, and in the RHS, there are $k$ ...
3
votes
1answer
89 views

Number of gifts given at the end of a party

So I'm working on a problem that has to do with Ramsey Theory. We have $n$ guests at a christmas party. We know two things about them. In any group of three there are two people who do not know each ...
2
votes
1answer
97 views

Ramsey Number proof

I am trying to prove: $R(3,3,3,3)\leq 4(R(3,3,3)-1) + 2$ I am confused as to how one can go from a $4$ color problem to a $3$ color problem by multiplying and adding. edit: $R$ is the Ramsey ...
0
votes
1answer
41 views

Edge coloring graph vertices probability

How to show the following: Let $R(k,t)$ denote the Ramsey function, that is the minimal number $n$ so that if the edges of a complete graph $K_n$ on $n$ vertices are each colored red or blue, then ...
2
votes
1answer
55 views

Upper bound for ramsey number $r(a_1,\ldots, a_m)$

I am looking for any (finite) upper bound of the ramsey number $r(a_1,\ldots, a_m)$. I can prove the well known fact for any positive integers $a,b$ there is a $c$ for which $c\ge r(a,b)$ by taking ...
6
votes
3answers
169 views

Does a red/blue coloring of the infinite subsets of $\mathbb{N}$ necessarily give an infinite monochromatic $M\subset \mathbb{N}$?

The infinite Ramsey theorem states that for any $n$, if all the subsets of $\mathbb{N}$ of size $n$ are colored red/blue, then there is an infinite $M$ all of whose subsets of size $n$ are ...
0
votes
2answers
125 views

How I can prove Ramsey number R(2,3,4) > 8?

I need to prove $R(2,3,4) > 8$ with Ramsey theory. How can I do that?
3
votes
1answer
98 views

Amalgamation of graphs

I am trying to understand the definition of amalgamation of a $n+1$-partite graph as explained here(first few lines of page 4). We have a $n+1$-partite graph $G$ with partite sets $V_0,V_1,\cdots,V_n$ ...
3
votes
1answer
75 views

Any forest on 5 or more vertices contains an independent set of size 3.

I am looking for a short proof of this fact. This is clearly true by drawing these trees, but I am having trouble putting it into writing. Somehow I need to select 3 of the 5 vertices and show that ...
6
votes
1answer
154 views

Any partition of $\{1,2,\ldots,9\}$ must contain a $3$-Term Arithmetic Progression

Prove that for any way of dividing the set $X=\{1,2,3,\dots,9\}$ into $2$ sets, there always exist at least one arithmetic progression of length $3$ in one of the two sets.
10
votes
1answer
85 views

Coloring of positive integers

Suppose $f:\mathbb{Z}^+\longrightarrow X$ is a function, with $X$ a finite set. Is it true that there are $a,b\in\mathbb{Z}^+$ such that $f(a)=f(b)=f(a+b)$.
1
vote
0answers
80 views

What was done to calculate the Ramsey numbers using a quantum computer?

I recently came across this paper titled Experimental determination of Ramsey numbers with quantum annealing I was wondering what exactly the gist of the paper, as I read it, it seems rather ...
2
votes
1answer
843 views

Show that among 20 people there are either four mutual friends or four mutual enemies

Use the fact that among a group of 10 people, where any two people are either friends or enemies, there are either three mutual friends or four mutual enemies, and there are either three mutual ...
5
votes
1answer
373 views

Prove Ramsey Number R(3,5)=14

I'm having problem proving the ramsey number of R(3,5) = 14. Below is my proof. Proof. Let $v_0$ be a vertex from a $k_{14}$ vertices. The vertices incident to $v_0$ are $v_1, v_2, \cdots , v_{13}$ ...
4
votes
1answer
68 views

Optimal sets for plane coloring problem

There is a reasonably well-known problem: Given a plane with each point colored one of k colors, show there is a rectangle whose vertices are all of the same color, whose axes are parallel to the ...
4
votes
3answers
128 views

Erdős Probabilistic method

My question is based on the Erdos probabilistic method. I am trying to read from the paper here. The proof of Theorem 1 contains the statement Since a block sequence is monochromatic with ...
2
votes
0answers
65 views

Monochromatic degenerate triangles in a two-coloring of the plane

In a similar vein to a question I asked a few days ago: Do all two-colorings of $\mathbb{R}^2$ contain three points of the same color which form the vertices of a degenerate triangle of side-lengths ...
6
votes
2answers
262 views

Proof of the van der Waerden theorem

The van der Waerden theorem states that given any natural numbers $k$ and $r$, there exists a natural number $W=W(k,r)$ such that if the set $\{1,2\cdots W\}$ is divided into $r$ classes (also called ...
1
vote
1answer
95 views

Prove the following inequality: $N(P,P,2)\leq 4^{P-1}$

I've made very little headway on this problem, so any help is appreciated. Edit: Sorry, I should have explained that. In general, $N(p,q,2)$ is the smallest value of $n$ such that a red-blue ...
1
vote
1answer
79 views

Hales Jewett regularity theorem

I am trying to read the Hales-Jewett regularity theorem given as Theorem 1 here. I have a doubt in the proof which I am hoping someone here can clarify. Here are some background definitions and a ...
3
votes
1answer
115 views

Van Der Waerden without topological dynamics?

Applying topological dynamics to prove Van Der Waerden's theorem on the existence of monochromatic arithematic progression has now become a somewhat classical example of the power of topological ...
1
vote
1answer
179 views

Combinatorial Set Theory - Ramsey's Theorem Related Question

For a set $A \subseteq \omega$, let $[A]^n$ denote the set of subsets of $A$ of size $n$. I am trying to prove Ramsey's Theorem, and it seems like the following fact is used in the proof I am reading ...
1
vote
1answer
56 views

Strengthened finite Ramsey theorem

I'm reading wikipedia article about Paris-Harrington theorem, which uses strengthened finite Ramsey theorem, which is stated as "For any positive integers $n, k, m$ we can find $N$ with the following ...
2
votes
1answer
188 views

Algorithm to find a permutation that contains the fewest possible monotone subsequences of length $k$

Fix natural numbers $k,n$, with $k<n$. I want to find a permutation in $S_n$ that contains fewest monotone (increasing or decreasing) subsequences of length $k$. For example the permutation ...
6
votes
1answer
194 views

What is the proof of the “thin set theorem”? A result in infinite Ramsey theory.

OK so here's a precise question: Is it true that for every integer $k\geq1$ and every $f:\mathbb{Z}^k\to\mathbb{Z}$, there is some infinite subset $A\subseteq\mathbb{Z}$ such that $f(A^k)$ is not all ...
4
votes
1answer
326 views

Ramsey number for books

Given a triangular book $B_n$ I am trying to prove that $r(B_n,B_n)\le 4n+2$ where $r(B_n,B_n)$ is defined as the least positive number such that any graph $G$ on $r(B_n,B_n)$ vertices either has a ...
5
votes
1answer
193 views

An upper bound for a graph Ramsey number

I am trying to prove the following result, given as an exercise in my book: $r(K_m+\bar{K_n},K_p+\bar{K_q})\le\binom{m+p-1}{m}n+\binom{m+p-1}{p}q$. Here $r(G,H)$ denotes the Ramsey number for the ...
5
votes
1answer
170 views

What's the difference between Ramsey theory and Extremal graph theory?

Wikipedia teaches us that problems in Ramsey theory typically ask a question of the form: "how many elements of some structure must there be to guarantee that a particular property will hold?" It ...
7
votes
1answer
205 views

Closest pair of vectors in $\{0,1\}^n$

Suppose we are given $k$ points in $\{0,1\}^n$ (using Hamming distance as metric). Consider the two points that have the smallest distance between them. Does there exist any results bounding this ...