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Get the closed-form using jordan normal form?
I have got the following transition matrix:
$$A = \begin{pmatrix} p & 1-p \\ 1-q & q \end{pmatrix}$$
How can one use the jordan normal form to get a closed-form to calculate such a values ...
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Looking for a closed form to determine whether a symbol is part of the ith combination nCr
Hi I'm new to this, feel free to correct or edit anything if I haven't done something properly.
This is a programming problem I'm having and finding a closed form instead of looping would help a lot.
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