# $\int_0^1\int_0^1e^{\max(x^2,y^2)}dxdy$

I am currently having difficulty trying to evaluate a certain double integral.

$$\int_0^1\int_0^1e^{\max(x^2,y^2)}dxdy$$

I've broken it down into two cases,

(i) $\max(x^2,y^2)=y^2$

then $$\int_0^1\int_0^1e^{\max(x^2,y^2)}dxdy=\int_0^1e^{y^2}dy$$

(ii) $\max(x^2,y^2)=yx^2$

then $$\int_0^1\int_0^1e^{\max(x^2,y^2)}dxdy=\int_0^1e^{x^2}dx$$ since the inner integral does not depend on $y$

I believe that this is correct. It is at this point that I cannot evaluate. From my understanding this integral cannot be solved by any traditional means.

By using series, I can write $$\int_0^1e^{x^2}dx = \int_0^1\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}\frac{x^{2n}}{n!}dx = \sum_{n=0}^{\infty}\frac{x^{(2n+1)}}{(2n+1)(n!)}|_0^1 = \sum_{n=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{(2n+1)(n!)}$$

Would this be the correct way of doing this? Also, if it is the correct method, is that series the appropriate answer? I started to have second thoughts here so I have not shown convergence (or not), I suspect this would be the next step.

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You have to break up the integral into 2 pieces according to which side of the line $y=x$ you are on:

$$\int_0^1 dx \, \int_0^1 dy \, e^{\max{(x^2,y^2)}} = \int_0^1 dx \, \int_0^x dy \, e^{x^2} + \int_0^1 dx \, \int_x^1 dy \, e^{y^2}$$

By reversing the order of integration in the second integral, you can show that the two pieces are equal; thus the integral is simply

$$2 \int_0^1 dx \, x \, e^{x^2} = e-1$$

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Series is not the way you want to solve this problem, although it is possible. When you examine $\max(x^2,y^2)$ over the region $[0,1]\times[0,1]$, you find that: $$\max(x^2,y^2) = \begin{cases} y^2, \text{ for } y \ge x \\ x^2, \text{ for } y \lt x \end{cases}$$ Thus, by symmetry:

\begin{align} \int_0^1\int_0^1e^{\max(x^2,y^2)}dy\,dx &= 2\int_0^1\int_0^xe^{x^2}dy\,dx \\ &= 2\int_0^1xe^{x^2}dx\\ &= \ldots \end{align} (Which is certainly integrable with Calc II methods)

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Your attempt to split into cases is the right instinct, but you didn't execute it correctly. When $x\ge y$, we have $\max(x^2,y^2)=x^2$. By symmetry, we get $$\int_0^1\int_0^1 e^{\max(x^2,y^2)}\,dy\,dx = 2 \int_0^1\int_0^x e^{x^2}\,dy\,dx = \int_0^1 2xe^{x^2}\,dx = e-1\,.$$

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\begin{eqnarray} \int_{x=0}^1 \int_{y=0}^1 e^{\max(x^2,y^2)} dx dy &=& 2 \int_{x=0}^1 \int_{y=0}^x e^{\max(x^2,y^2)} dx dy \\ &=& 2 \int_{x=0}^1 \int_{y=0}^x e^{x^2} dx dy \\ &=& 2 \int_{x=0}^1 x e^{x^2} dx dy \\ &=& e-1 \end{eqnarray}

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