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... Or perhaps, what are some interesting examples of simple graphs that are not known to be planar or non-planar?

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There's an efficient (cubic in the number of vertices) algorithm for determining planarity of graphs, so I think this is more a matter of who's bothered to check what and how much computer power has been used than interesting mathematics. – Chris Eagle Feb 17 '11 at 20:09
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We have linear time algorithms to detect planarity, so the simplest could actually be not that simple... – Aryabhata Feb 17 '11 at 20:10
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@Chris: There could be infinite graphs where the status is unknown. – mjqxxxx Feb 17 '11 at 20:13
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If there is a linear time algorithm, then the question is just as meaningful as «what's the biggest number we can write?». – Mariano Suárez-Alvarez Feb 17 '11 at 20:46
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Kuratowski's theorem states that a graph is planar iff it contains no subgraph isomorphic to either $K_{3,3}$ or $K_5$. For finite graphs, then, the question is not very interesting. For infinite graphs, it may be difficult to determine whether or not there is a subgraph of the appropriate form. Can anyone exhibit a "natural" example where the question of planarity is equivalent to a known open question (in number theory, say)? – mjqxxxx Feb 17 '11 at 21:20
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