4
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[Extension of this]

We can move in 4-directions and we need to reach $(0,b)$ from $(a,0)$ in exactly $n$ steps keeping in the first quadrant ($x\ge0$ and $y\ge0$) [$a,b\ge0$]

Similar to previous problem, $a+n_r\ge n_l$, $n_u\ge n_d$ and finally $a+n_r-n_l=0$, $n_u-n_d=b$, $n_u+n_d+n_l+n_r=n$. (let $n_u=k$, a similar logic as this is used below) $$\sum_{k=0}^{\frac{n+a+b}2}\binom n{2k-b}\left(\binom{2k-b}{k}-\binom{2k-b}{k+1}\right)\left(\binom{n+b-2k}{\frac{n+a+b}2-k}-\binom{n+b-2k}{\frac{n+a+b}2-k+1}\right)\\ =\sum_{k=0}^{\frac{n+a+b}2}\binom n{2k-b}\frac{(b+1)(a+1)}{(2k-b+1)(n+b-2k+1)}\binom{2k-b+1}{k+1}\binom{n+b-2k+1}{\frac{n+a+b}2-k+1}\\ =\frac{(a+1)(b+1)}{(n+1)(n+2)}\binom{n+2}{\frac{n-a+b}2+1}\sum_{k=0}^{\frac{n+a+b}2}\binom{\frac{n-a+b}2+1}{k+1}\binom{\frac{n+a+b}2+1}{k-b}\\ =\frac{(a+1)(b+1)}{(n+1)(n+2)}\binom{n+2}{\frac{n-a+b}2+1}\binom{n+2}{\frac{n-a-b}2}$$ And at $a=0,b=0$: $$\frac{1}{(n+1)(n+2)}\binom{n+2}{\frac{n}2+1}\binom{n+2}{\frac{n}2}$$ the solution seems to agree with previous result.
Question: It seems correct. What do you say? Is there any easy way?

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  • $\begingroup$ I imagine that (with the title "first quadrant") $a>0$ and $b>0$. But what are your four directions ? OK for North and West, but if you allow East or South, infinite loops are generated ... $\endgroup$
    – Jean Marie
    Apr 27, 2016 at 11:10
  • $\begingroup$ @JeanMarie a>0, b>0 first quadrant (x>=0 & y>=0), no infinite loops as total moves =n, each move 4 direction N,E,W and S as u said $\endgroup$
    – RE60K
    Apr 27, 2016 at 11:12
  • $\begingroup$ @JeanMarie actually $a,b\ge0$ $\endgroup$
    – RE60K
    Apr 27, 2016 at 11:21
  • $\begingroup$ So basically we are trying to find the lattice paths $\endgroup$ May 8, 2016 at 12:31
  • $\begingroup$ Yes but its just that you can go anywhere in fitst quadrant, cross yourself any number of atimes and reach the final point $\endgroup$
    – RE60K
    May 8, 2016 at 13:11

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