If $U\subset\mathbb{R}^n$ is an open and contractible subset such that there is a continuous function $f\colon U\to\mathbb{R}$ with only one minimum and the level curves of $f$ are connected by paths, then is $U$ homeomorphic to $\mathbb{R}^n$?
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$1^{st}$ hint: We may assume that the minimum lies at the origin and that the value at this point is zero. $2^{nd}$ hint: The map $\mathbb R^n\to\mathbb R$, $x\mapsto ||x||$ has the required property. It is likely that the homeomorphism should send level curves to circles around the origin. $3^{rd}$ hint: A candidate for the homeomorphism is the map which sends $x\mapsto f(x)\frac{x}{||x||}$ (and $0\mapsto 0$). Edit: It is relatively easy to see that my propsed map doesn't work in general, but I guess some modification should do. |
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