If you have the patience and you really want to learn, I'd recommend you check out Khan Academy. His videos are very easy to understand and if you like watching his video, as far as you are concerned, you can go beyond what you'd normally be expected to know.
You can get yourself ready for college by watching his calculus playlist (SV to MV Calculus covered) or his Linear Algebra Playlist.
I can go on forever about how great it is, especially for curious High school students (It really doesn't cover things beyond Calculus or Elementary Linear Algebra but still, it is good place to start.)
Edit: If the OP prefers books to video lectures then I'd say that he try the Schaum's Series or Bob Millers Math For the Clueless Series. I can only think of good books for problem solving strategies (Like Polya's "How to Solve it" or Krantz "Techniques in Problem Solving") but if you want books on high school material, I guess this is one way to go.
Edit 2: In one of the newer answers, there has been a mention of "What is Mathematics" by Richard Courant and Herbert Robbins. It is a very good book and it touches from simple concepts of the Number System to some Geometry to fairly advanced topics in Mathematics like Theoretical Calculus (Analysis) and General Topology. It has all you require for High School and if you like it it gives you a very nice basis to move forward. There is no harm knowing something about Neighborhoods or Connectivity of objects, is there?
I Hope it Helps