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I want to prove the following Lemma:

Let $\mathcal{A}$ be a $\sigma$-algebra in $X$ and let $f:X\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$, then TFAE:

  1. $f$ is measurable.
  2. For each Borel set $B\subset\mathbb{R}$ holds $f^{-1}(B)\in\mathcal{A}$.
  3. For each open set $B\subset\mathbb{R}$ holds $f^{-1}(B)\in\mathcal{A}$.

I don't know how to start. I think one implication is some more work, but the other must follow. I think you have to prove 1-->3-->2-->1.

Some help maybe? Thanks

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    $\begingroup$ Maybe you can define a new $\sigma$-algebra $B=\{A\subset\mathbb{R}:f^{-1}(A)\in\mathcal{A}\}$, then the implication from 1 to 3 is not so hard right? $\endgroup$
    – Jens25
    Jan 30, 2014 at 14:46
  • $\begingroup$ Sorry i mean form 1 to 2 $\endgroup$
    – Jens25
    Jan 30, 2014 at 14:53
  • $\begingroup$ I think form 3) to 2). See my answer. @Jens25 idea is very good. $\endgroup$
    – drhab
    Jan 30, 2014 at 15:09
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    $\begingroup$ How is '$f$ is measurable' defined here? Isn't it a copy of 2)? $\endgroup$
    – drhab
    Jan 30, 2014 at 15:13

1 Answer 1

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Define $\mathcal V:=\{A\mid f^{-1}(A)\in \mathcal A$}. It is routine to show that $\mathcal V$ is a $\sigma$-algebra. In 3) it is stated that $\mathcal O\subset \mathcal V$, where $\mathcal O$ denotes the collection of open sets in $\mathbb R$. Consequently $\sigma(\mathcal O)\subset \mathcal V$ where $\sigma(\mathcal O)$ denotes the smallest $\sigma$-algebra that contains $\mathcal O$, which is exactly the collection of Borel sets. So 3) implies 2), which is the main job here.

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