Given an $n >0$ is it possible to partition the set $\mathcal{P} = \{1,2, \cdots, 2n\}$ into $n$ pairs $(a_{i},b_{i})$ such that $a_{i} + b_{i}$ is a prime?
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$\begingroup$ @Nuno: I have removed the set theory related tag altogether. $\endgroup$– AryabhataNov 23, 2010 at 6:45
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$\begingroup$ @Moron: I agree. I thought of removing the tag set-theory, but let it go. Thanks for the change. $\endgroup$– NunoNov 23, 2010 at 12:09
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Yes. The proof is by strong induction. The base case is obvious. By Bertrand's postulate there exists a prime $p$ between $2n+1$ and $4n$, so pick the pairs $\{ p-2n, 2n \}, \{ p-2n+1, 2n-1 \}, ...$ and so forth. Now it remains to pair up the numbers $\{ 1, 2, ... p-2n-1 \}$, which is possible by the inductive hypothesis.
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$\begingroup$ I think the way you partitioned the set is a bit wrong. You can create the pairs ranging from $<p-2n,2n>...<p-n,n>$. The remaining subset yet to be partitioned is $\{p-(n-1),..,1\}$ which by induction you have the necessary partition. $\endgroup$– Ory BandNov 22, 2013 at 21:22